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Direct linkDuncan Culbreth; Florence Martin – Educational Technology Research and Development, 2025
Synchrony, or the timing of information as it is exchanged between participants, has garnered increasing study in online learning. Within this domain is bichronous online learning (BOL), the blending of asynchronous and synchronous elements within one learning environment. Some research has identified mobile instant messaging as quasi-synchronous…
Descriptors: Synchronous Communication, Asynchronous Communication, Computer Mediated Communication, Electronic Learning
Doris U. Bolliger; Florence Martin; Stella Kim – Educational Technology Research and Development, 2024
Learner satisfaction is an important element in online learning because it impacts achievement motivation, success, and retention. It was the purpose of this study to develop an instrument that measures the satisfaction of learners in online learning environments. Data were collected from 335 students at higher education institutions. The Online…
Descriptors: Likert Scales, Test Construction, Test Validity, Student Satisfaction
