Mathematical literacy is becoming increasingly important and needs to be developed. However, various factors can affect students with different mathematical literacy patterns. This study aims to investigate the effects of students' backgrounds, attitudes toward mathematics, and information and communication technology (ICT) familiarity on the…

Since education is a major step toward long-term human capital development, it is assumed that facility in the use of information and communication technology (ICT), which can help complement, enrich, and transform education, should be promoted among students. However, does a higher level of ICT familiarity always help promote learning skills and…