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Download full textChen, Jing; Sheehan, Kathleen M. – ETS Research Report Series, 2015
The "TOEFL"® family of assessments includes the "TOEFL"® Primary"™, "TOEFL Junior"®, and "TOEFL iBT"® tests. The linguistic complexity of stimulus passages in the reading sections of the TOEFL family of assessments is expected to differ across the test levels. This study evaluates the linguistic…
Descriptors: Language Tests, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Reading Comprehension
Sheehan, Kathleen M. – ETS Research Report Series, 2015
The "TextEvaluator"® text analysis tool is a fully automated text complexity evaluation tool designed to help teachers, curriculum specialists, textbook publishers, and test developers select texts that are consistent with the text complexity guidelines specified in the Common Core State Standards.This paper documents the procedure used…
Descriptors: Scores, Common Core State Standards, Computer Software, Computational Linguistics
Sheehan, Kathleen M.; Flor, Michael; Napolitano, Diane; Ramineni, Chaitanya – ETS Research Report Series, 2015
This paper considers whether the sources of linguistic complexity presented within texts targeted at 1st-grade readers have increased, decreased, or held steady over the 52-year period from 1962 to 2013. A collection of more than 450 texts is examined. All texts were selected from Grade 1 textbooks published by Scott Foresman during the targeted…
Descriptors: Text Structure, Content Analysis, Grade 1, Elementary School Students
Deane, Paul; Graf, Edith Aurora; Higgins, Derrick; Futagi, Yoko; Lawless, René – ETS Research Report Series, 2006
This study focuses on the relationship between item modeling and evidence-centered design (ECD); it considers how an appropriately generalized item modeling software tool can support systematic identification and exploitation of task-model variables, and then examines the feasibility of this goal, using linear-equation items as a test case. The…
Descriptors: Test Items, Models, Computer Software, Equations (Mathematics)
Higgins, Derrick; Futagi, Yoko; Deane, Paul – ETS Research Report Series, 2005
This paper reports on the process of modifying the ModelCreator item generation system to produce output in multiple languages. In particular, Japanese and Spanish are now supported in addition to English. The addition of multilingual functionality was considerably facilitated by the general formulation of our natural language generation system,…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Computer Software, Japanese, Spanish
