This paper looks into the dilemma of what counts as a grammatical 'learner error' in ELT on the basis of recent results from English variationist research and English as a lingua franca research. Examples from these studies show that features often perceived as 'errors' for EFL speakers also occur in ESL production--where they are called…

Presents eight problems in the description of English, inviting readers to comment or provide solutions to the conundrums. Suggestions and solutions for eight previous conundrums are included. Most focus on semantic or grammatical points that might puzzle learners of English as a Second Language (ESL). (MDM)

Describes research in which a group of proficient speakers of a second language were tested in their ability to identify individual words taken from spoken discourse in both their native language and their second language. Results show that, on the average, they were more proficient in identifying words in their second rather than their first…

This article is derived from a lecture given in 1992 and addresses issues in English language education that concern "linguistic property" and "linguistic propriety." (JL)

Discusses the contribution that joint instruction by a native-speaking teacher and a nonnative-speaking teacher can make to classroom language learning. Reviews the last decade's team-teaching practice in Japanese secondary English-as-Foreign-language classrooms to explore how two teachers with different linguistic and cultural backgrounds can…