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Direct linkFrédéric Thériault-Couture; Célia Matte-Gagné; Annie Bernier – Developmental Science, 2025
Executive functions (EFs) emerge in the first years of life and are essential for many areas of child development. However, intraindividual developmental trajectories of EF during toddlerhood and their associations with ongoing development of language skills remain poorly understood. The present three-wave study examined these trajectories and…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Toddlers, Child Development, Language Acquisition
Zeytinoglu, Selin; Calkins, Susan D.; Leerkes, Esther M. – Developmental Science, 2022
This study examined autonomic profiles in preschoolers (N = 278, age = 4.7 years) and their relations to self-regulation outcomes concurrently and one year later, in kindergarten. Children's sympathetic (preejection period [PEP]) and parasympathetic activity (respiratory sinus arrythmia [RSA]) were measured at rest and during cognitive and…
Descriptors: Profiles, Preschool Children, Self Control, Kindergarten
Dutra, Natália B.; Chen, Lydia; Anum, Adote; Burger, Oskar; Davis, Helen E.; Dzokoto, Vivian A.; Fong, Frankie T. K.; Ghelardi, Sabrina; Mendez, Kimberly; Messer, Emily J. E.; Newhouse, Morgan; Nielsen, Mark G.; Ramos, Karlos; Rawlings, Bruce; dos Santos, Renan A. C.; Silveira, Lara G. S.; Tucker-Drob, Elliot M.; Legare, Cristine H. – Developmental Science, 2022
Self-regulation is a widely studied construct, generally assumed to be cognitively supported by executive functions (EFs). There is a lack of clarity and consensus over the roles of specific components of EFs in self-regulation. The current study examines the relations between performance on (a) a self-regulation task (Heads, Toes, Knees Shoulders…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Self Control, Short Term Memory, Visual Perception
Bosiljka Milosavljevic; Caylee J. Cook; Tijan Fadera; Giulia Ghillia; Steven J. Howard; Hleliwe Makaula; Ebrima Mbye; Samantha McCann; Rebecca Merkley; Mbulelo Mshudulu; Mariama Saidykhan; Ebou Touray; Nosibusiso Tshetu; Clare Elwell; Sophie E. Moore; Gaia Scerif; Catherine E. Draper; Sarah Lloyd-Fox – Developmental Science, 2024
Executive functions (EFs) in early childhood are predictors of later developmental outcomes and school readiness. Much of the research on EFs and their psychosocial correlates has been conducted in high-income, minority world countries, which represent a small and biased portion of children globally. The aim of this study is to examine EFs among…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Environmental Influences, Predictor Variables, Preschool Children
McCoy, Dana Charles; Koepp, Andrew E.; Jones, Stephanie M.; Bodrova, Elena; Leong, Deborah J.; Deaver, Abigail Hemenway – Developmental Science, 2022
Prior work has conceptualized children's executive function and self-regulation skills as relatively stable across short periods of time. Grounded in long-standing contextual theories of human development, this study introduces a new observational tool for measuring children's regulatory skills across different naturally occurring situations…
Descriptors: Young Children, Executive Function, Self Management, Early Childhood Education
Troller-Renfree, Sonya V.; Buzzell, George A.; Fox, Nathan A. – Developmental Science, 2020
Cognitive control develops rapidly over the first decade of life, with one of the dominant changes being a transition from reliance on 'as-needed' control (reactive control) to a more planful, sustained form of control (proactive control). Although the emergence of proactive control is important for mature behavior, we know little about how this…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Change, Cognitive Development, Child Development
Nin, Verónica; Delgado, Hernán; Muniz-Terrera, Graciela; Carboni, Alejandra – Developmental Science, 2022
Executive functions (EF), either conceptualized as skills involved in regulation of cognition and emotion in service of goal-oriented behavior, or reductively as working memory, flexibility and inhibitory control, are commonly invoked constructs in developmental science. Two main traditions on EFs measurement prevail, one consisting of ratings…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Cognitive Measurement, Behavior Rating Scales, Preschool Children
Meijer, Anna; Königs, Marsh; Bruijn, Anne G. M.; Visscher, Chris; Bosker, Roel J.; Hartman, Esther; Oosterlaan, Jaap – Developmental Science, 2021
Previous research in children has shown that higher cardiovascular fitness is related to better executive functioning. However, the available literature is hampered by methodological limitations. The present study investigates the relationship between cardiovascular fitness and executive functioning in a large sample of healthy children (N = 814).…
Descriptors: Physical Fitness, Human Body, Physiology, Correlation
Theodore P. Zanto; Anastasia Giannakopoulou; Courtney L. Gallen; Avery E. Ostrand; Jessica W. Younger; Roger Anguera-Singla; Joaquin A. Anguera; Adam Gazzaley – Developmental Science, 2024
Musical instrument training has been linked to improved academic and cognitive abilities in children, but it remains unclear why this occurs. Moreover, access to instrument training is not always feasible, thereby leaving less fortunate children without opportunity to benefit from such training. Although music-based video games may be more…
Descriptors: Electronic Learning, Musical Instruments, Music, Language Rhythm
Holmboe, Karla; Bonneville-Roussy, Arielle; Csibra, Gergely; Johnson, Mark H. – Developmental Science, 2018
Executive functions (EFs) are key abilities that allow us to control our thoughts and actions. Research suggests that two EFs, inhibitory control (IC) and working memory (WM), emerge around 9 months. Little is known about IC earlier in infancy and whether basic attentional processes form the "building blocks" of emerging IC. These…
Descriptors: Attention, Inhibition, Infants, Executive Function
Albert, W. Dustin; Hanson, Jamie L.; Skinner, Ann T.; Dodge, Kenneth A.; Steinberg, Laurence; Deater-Deckard, Kirby; Bornstein, Marc H.; Lansford, Jennifer E. – Developmental Science, 2020
Children from families with low socioeconomic status (SES) earn lower grades, perform worse on achievement tests, and attain less education on average than their peers from higher-SES families. We evaluated neurocognitive mediators of SES disparities in achievement in a diverse sample of youth whose data were linked to administrative records of…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Executive Function, Middle School Students, Academic Achievement
Hudson, Kesha N.; Ballou, Haley M.; Willoughby, Michael T. – Developmental Science, 2021
Previous studies have documented that individual differences in fine and gross motor skills are associated with executive function (EF) skills. This study used an experimental design to test whether participating in cognitively challenging motor skills activities was causally related to improvements in motor skills and two key indicators of school…
Descriptors: Psychomotor Skills, Competence, Executive Function, Numeracy
Johann, Verena E.; Karbach, Julia – Developmental Science, 2020
Several studies indicate that executive functions (EF), such as working memory (WM), inhibition or flexibility can be improved by training and that these training-related benefits in WM capacity generalize to reading and mathematical abilities. However, the results of these studies are inconsistent and most of them focused on WM training in…
Descriptors: Game Based Learning, Cognitive Ability, Academic Ability, Elementary School Students
Vrantsidis, Daphne M.; Clark, Caron A. C.; Chevalier, Nicolas; Espy, Kimberly Andrews; Wiebe, Sandra A. – Developmental Science, 2020
Although there is substantial evidence that socioeconomic status (SES) predicts children's executive function (EF), the mechanisms underlying this association are poorly understood. This study tested the utility of two theories proposed to link SES to children's EF: the family stress model and the family investment model. Data came from the…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Executive Function, Young Children, Correlation
Cook, Caylee J.; Howard, Steven J.; Scerif, Gaia; Twine, Rhian; Kahn, Kathleen; Norris, Shane A.; Draper, Catherine E. – Developmental Science, 2019
Executive function is foundational for cognitive development. Previous research has shown both gross motor skills and physical activity to be related to executive function. However, evidence for these relationships in the preschool years, as well as in low- and middle-income countries is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the…
Descriptors: Correlation, Physical Activities, Psychomotor Skills, Executive Function
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