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Feride Nur Haskaraca; Hande Ilgaz – Developmental Science, 2024
Differences in the sequence with which children pass the tasks in Wellman and Liu's (2004) theory of mind (ToM) battery is increasingly bringing into question the universal and cultural specifics of children's developing understanding of others' minds. Children from China, Iran, and Turkey pass the knowledge access (KA) task of the battery earlier…
Descriptors: Knowledge Level, Foreign Countries, Beliefs, Task Analysis
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de Carvalho, Alex; Crimon, Cécile; Barrault, Axel; Trueswell, John; Christophe, Anne – Developmental Science, 2021
Two word-learning experiments were conducted to investigate the understanding of negative sentences in 18- and 24-month-old children. In Experiment 1, after learning that "bamoule" means "penguin" and "pirdaling" means "cartwheeling," 18-month-olds (n = 48) increased their looking times when listening to…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Language Acquisition, Language Usage, Sentences
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Shayan, Shakila; Ozturk, Ozge; Bowerman, Melissa; Majid, Asifa – Developmental Science, 2014
Pitch is often described metaphorically: for example, Farsi and Turkish speakers use a "thickness" metaphor (low sounds are "thick" and high sounds are "thin"), while German and English speakers use a height metaphor ("low", "high"). This study examines how child and adult speakers of Farsi,…
Descriptors: Figurative Language, Language Usage, German, Turkish