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Direct linkHendry, Alexandra; Greenhalgh, Isobel; Bailey, Rhiannon; Fiske, Abigail; Dvergsdal, Henrik; Holmboe, Karla – Developmental Science, 2022
Inhibitory control (IC) is a core executive function integral to self-regulation and cognitive control, yet is itself multi-componential. Directed global inhibition entails stopping an action on demand. Competitive inhibition is engaged when an alternative response must also be produced. Related, but not an executive function, is…
Descriptors: Infants, Toddlers, Inhibition, Self Control
Josué Rico-Picó; M. del Carmen Garcia-de-Soria Bazan; Ángela Conejero; Sebastián Moyano; Ángela Hoyo; María de los Ángeles Ballesteros-Duperón; Karla Holmboe; M. Rosario Rueda – Developmental Science, 2025
Executive control (EC) emerges in the first year of life, with the ability to inhibit prepotent responses (inhibitory control [IC]) and to flexibly readapt (cognitive flexibility [CF]) steadily improving. Simultaneously, electrophysiological brain activity undergoes profound reconfiguration, which has been linked to individual variability in EC.…
Descriptors: Infants, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Brain, Executive Function
Chen Li; Emma R. Hart; Robert J. Duncan; Tyler W. Watts – Developmental Science, 2023
During childhood, the ability to limit problem behaviors (i.e., externalizing) and the capacity for cognitive regulation (i.e., executive function) are often understood to develop in tandem, and together constitute two major components of self-regulation research. The current study examines bi-directional relations between behavioral problems and…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Child Behavior, Self Control, Executive Function
McKay, Courtney; Wijeakumar, Sobanawartiny; Rafetseder, Eva; Shing, Yee Lee – Developmental Science, 2022
Children show marked improvements in executive functioning (EF) between 4 and 7 years of age. In many societies, this time period coincides with the start of formal school education, in which children are required to follow rules in a structured environment, drawing heavily on EF processes such as inhibitory control. This study aimed to…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Self Control, Kindergarten, Young Children
Hosch, Alexis; Oleson, Jacob J.; Harris, Jordan L.; Goeltz, Mary Taylor; Neumann, Tabea; LeBeau, Brandon; Hazeltine, Eliot; Petersen, Isaac T. – Developmental Science, 2022
Self-regulation is thought to show heterotypic continuity--its individual differences endure but its behavioral manifestations change across development. Thus, different measures across time may be necessary to account for heterotypic continuity of self-regulation. This longitudinal study examined children's (N = 108) self-regulation development…
Descriptors: Child Development, Child Behavior, Longitudinal Studies, Inhibition
Pener-Tessler, Roni; Markovitch, Noam; Knafo-Noam, Ariel – Developmental Science, 2022
Despite the importance of self-control for well-being and adjustment, its development from early childhood to early adolescence has been relatively understudied. We addressed the development of mother-reported self-control in what is likely the largest and longest longitudinal twin study of the topic to this day (N = 1889 individual children with…
Descriptors: Self Control, Child Development, Longitudinal Studies, Children
Stucke, Nicole J.; Stoet, Gijsbert; Doebel, Sabine – Developmental Science, 2022
Young children spend a lot of time at home, yet there is little empirical research on how they spend that time and how it relates to developmental outcomes. Prior research suggests less-structured time--where children practice making choices and setting goals--may develop "self-directed" executive function in 6-year-olds. But…
Descriptors: Young Children, Family Environment, Cues, Executive Function
Dutra, Natália B.; Chen, Lydia; Anum, Adote; Burger, Oskar; Davis, Helen E.; Dzokoto, Vivian A.; Fong, Frankie T. K.; Ghelardi, Sabrina; Mendez, Kimberly; Messer, Emily J. E.; Newhouse, Morgan; Nielsen, Mark G.; Ramos, Karlos; Rawlings, Bruce; dos Santos, Renan A. C.; Silveira, Lara G. S.; Tucker-Drob, Elliot M.; Legare, Cristine H. – Developmental Science, 2022
Self-regulation is a widely studied construct, generally assumed to be cognitively supported by executive functions (EFs). There is a lack of clarity and consensus over the roles of specific components of EFs in self-regulation. The current study examines the relations between performance on (a) a self-regulation task (Heads, Toes, Knees Shoulders…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Self Control, Short Term Memory, Visual Perception
Koepp, Andrew E.; Gershoff, Elizabeth T. – Developmental Science, 2022
This paper used a nationally representative sample of children from the United States to examine the extent to which physical activity and sports participation may promote growth in children's executive functions (EFs), attention, and social self-control over time. Using data from the ECLS-K:2011 (N = 18,174), findings indicated that regular…
Descriptors: Physical Activity Level, Executive Function, Self Control, Team Sports
Obradovic, Jelena; Finch, Jenna E.; Connolly, Catie; Siyal, Saima; Yousafzai, Aisha K. – Developmental Science, 2022
Performance-based measures of children's executive functions (EFs) do not capture children's application of these skills during everyday emotionally-laden and socially-mediated interactions. The current study demonstrates the value of using assessor report of self-regulation behaviors (inhibitory control and positive affect/engagement) in addition…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Preschool Children, Disadvantaged Youth, Rural Youth
Lourenco, Stella F.; Aulet, Lauren S. – Developmental Science, 2019
There is general agreement that humans represent numerical, spatial, and temporal magnitudes from early in development. However, there is disagreement about whether different magnitudes converge within a general magnitude system and whether this system supports behavioral demonstrations of cross-magnitude interactions at different developmental…
Descriptors: Developmental Stages, Infants, Preschool Children, Age Differences
Vrantsidis, Daphne M.; Clark, Caron A. C.; Chevalier, Nicolas; Espy, Kimberly Andrews; Wiebe, Sandra A. – Developmental Science, 2020
Although there is substantial evidence that socioeconomic status (SES) predicts children's executive function (EF), the mechanisms underlying this association are poorly understood. This study tested the utility of two theories proposed to link SES to children's EF: the family stress model and the family investment model. Data came from the…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Executive Function, Young Children, Correlation
Black, Maureen M.; Yimgang, Doris P.; Hurley, Kristen M.; Harding, Kimberly B.; Fernandez-Rao, Sylvia; Balakrishna, Nagalla; Radhakrishna, Kankipati V.; Reinhart, Gregory A.; Nair, Krishnapillai Madhavan – Developmental Science, 2019
Stunting has been negatively associated with children's development. We examined the range of height by testing hypotheses: (a) height is positively associated with children's development, with associations moderated by inflammation and (b) home environments characterized by nurturance and early learning opportunities is positively associated with…
Descriptors: Body Height, Infants, Child Development, Physical Development
Herrmann, Esther; Misch, Antonia; Hernandez-Lloreda, Victoria; Tomasello, Michael – Developmental Science, 2015
Human beings have remarkable skills of self-control, but the evolutionary origins of these skills are unknown. Here we compare children at 3 and 6 years of age with one of humans' two nearest relatives, chimpanzees, on a battery of reactivity and self-control tasks. Three-year-old children and chimpanzees were very similar in their abilities to…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Young Children, Animals, Animal Behavior
Diaz, Vanessa; Farrar, M. Jeffrey – Developmental Science, 2018
Bilingual preschoolers often perform better than monolingual children on false-belief understanding. It has been hypothesized that this is due to their enhanced executive function skills, although this relationship has rarely been tested or supported. The current longitudinal study tested whether metalinguistic awareness was responsible for this…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Longitudinal Studies, Metalinguistics, Executive Function
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