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Categorical Flexibility in Preschoolers: Contributions of Conceptual Knowledge and Executive Control
Blaye, Agnes; Jacques, Sophie – Developmental Science, 2009
The current study evaluated the relative roles of conceptual knowledge and executive control on the development of "categorical flexibility," the ability to switch between simultaneously available but conflicting categorical representations of an object. Experiment 1 assessed conceptual knowledge and executive control together; Experiment 2…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Preschool Children, Cognitive Processes, Classification
Okamoto-Barth, Sanae; Tomonaga, Masaki; Tanaka, Masayuki; Matsuzawa, Tetsuro – Developmental Science, 2008
The use of gaze shifts as social cues has various evolutionary advantages. To investigate the developmental processes of this ability, we conducted an object-choice task by using longitudinal methods with infant chimpanzees tested from 8 months old until 3 years old. The experimenter used one of six gestures towards a cup concealing food; tapping,…
Descriptors: Object Permanence, Cues, Behavioral Science Research, Infants
Mounoud, Pierre; Duscherer, Katia; Moy, Guenael; Perraudin, Sandrine – Developmental Science, 2007
Two experiments explored the existence and the development of relations between action representations and object representations. A priming paradigm was used in which participants viewed an action pantomime followed by the picture of a tool, the tool being either associated or unassociated with the preceding action. Overall, we observed that the…
Descriptors: Object Permanence, Pantomime, Infants, Young Adults
Herrmann, Esther; Tomasello, Michael – Developmental Science, 2006
Chimpanzees ("Pan troglodytes") and bonobos ("Pan paniscus") (Study 1) and 18- and 24-month-old human children (Study 2) participated in a novel communicative task. A human experimenter (E) hid food or a toy in one of two opaque containers before gesturing towards the reward's location in one of two ways. In the Informing condition, she attempted…
Descriptors: Comprehension, Inferences, Object Permanence, Infants
Pierroutsakos, Sophia L.; DeLoache, Judy S.; Gound, Mary; Bernard, E. Nicole – Developmental Science, 2005
In two experiments on very young children's response to the orientation of pictures and objects, 18-, 24- and 30-month-old children showed no preference for upright pictures over inverted ones. More importantly, we found that children in all three age groups were equally accurate and equally fast at identifying depicted objects regardless of…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Pictorial Stimuli, Task Analysis, Cognitive Processes
Moll, Henrike; Tomasello, Michael – Developmental Science, 2004
Infants follow the gaze direction of others from the middle of the first year of life. In attempting to determine how infants understand the looking behavior of adults, a number of recent studies have blocked the adult's line of sight in some way (e.g. with a blindfold or with a barrier). In contrast, in the current studies an adult looked behind…
Descriptors: Infants, Eye Movements, Age Differences, Toddlers