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Barnes, Sophie P.; Jones, Stephanie M.; Bailey, Rebecca – Developmental Science, 2023
For many years, researchers studied executive functions (EFs) in the laboratory with a focus on understanding an individual child's development and brain processes in a controlled environment. Building on this foundational research, there is a growing interest in EFs in the context of a child's dynamic, social world, and the contextual and…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Child Development, Young Children, Kindergarten
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Raver, C. Cybele; McCoy, Dana Charles; Lowenstein, Amy E.; Pess, Rachel – Developmental Science, 2013
The present longitudinal study tested the roles of early childhood executive control (EC) as well as exposure to poverty-related adversity at family and school levels as key predictors of low-income children's EC in elementary school ("n" = 391). Findings suggest that children's EC difficulties in preschool and lower family income from…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Executive Function, Low Income Groups, Poverty