We systematically compared beliefs about animal (e.g., "lion"), artifactual (e.g., "hammer"), and institutional (e.g., "police officer") categories, aiming to identify whether people draw different inferences about which categories are subjective and which are socially constituted. We conducted two studies with 270…

Understanding measurement units is critical to mathematics and science learning, but it is a topic that American students find difficult. In 3 studies, we investigated the challenges underlying this difficulty in kindergarten and second grade by comparing performance on different versions of a linear measurement task. Children measured crayons…

Developmental studies on heuristics and biases have reported controversial findings suggesting that children sometimes reason more logically than do adults. We addressed the controversy by testing the impact of children's knowledge of the heuristic stereotypes that are typically cued in these studies. Five-year-old preschoolers and 8-year-old…

Examined understanding of print concepts in preschool children bilingual in English and Hebrew. Found that bilingual children were more advanced than monolinguals, regardless of task (understanding that a printed word's meaning did not change if moved to a new location, making judgments about word length and ignoring the object's size) or whether…

Compares the Genevan and Cattell-Horn theories of intelligence and describes both similarities and differences. Describes a study investigating the relation of the Piagetian operative level to the child's ability to use crystallized solution procedures (aids) in making elementary numerical comparisons. (HOD)

Findings lend support for further development of the Manikin Construction Task for the purpose of measuring specific conceptual knowledge at all ages. There is also support for its development as an intellectual screening instrument at the 3-year level. (Author)

Study deals with a comparative developmental analysis of performances on the same task by four age groups. (MB)

In the present study, the authors collected data that would help resolve the controversey between developmental and defect theorists of mental retardation. (Authors/RY)