Successful second language learning can be seen as occurring in two arenas; the exposure and learning which occurs, under the guidance of a formal education setting, under the guidance of an instructor and that which occurs informally, under the guidance of the learner or incidentally as the learner pursues other activities. As smartphones have…

WhatsApp is a powerful tool for L2 learning because of its capacity to promote interaction between teacher and student, as well as among students. Its use has also been shown to support ubiquitous learning. In an attempt to extend language learning beyond the classroom, this study reports on the use of instant messaging through WhatsApp by a group…

In this preliminary study, we investigate distance Chinese language learners' social strategies in three learning contexts: self-directed learning outside synchronous online classes, assessment task completion online, and synchronous online class participation. In doing so, we hope to advance our understanding of what is involved in social…

This research provides insight into Spanish English for Specific Purposes (ESP) engineering students' perceptions of the effectiveness of video production for developing their digital oracy skills versus the effectiveness of in-class presentations for developing their public speaking skills. In addition, the authors discuss students' preferences…

Web-based collaborative writing (CW) has been widely used in the field of English as a foreign language (EFL) during the last decade. Previous studies have mainly focused on how online platforms have facilitated the CW process for EFL learners, how web-based CW has shown progress in EFL learners' writing development, and how EFL learners in groups…

This article presents the development and validation of the Pre-Service EFL Teachers' Motivational Beliefs about Instructional Use of Technology scale (PTMB-EFL) using a randomly split sample. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a 23-item six-factor structure of the PTMB-EFL generated from exploratory factor analysis. Significant correlations…

This study investigates the extent to which microfeatures -- such as basic text features, readability, cohesion, and lexical diversity based on specific word lists -- affect Chinese EFL writing quality. Data analysis was conducted using natural language processing, correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis on a corpus of 268…

Blended learning has become a popular instruction mode at all levels of education and across different subject areas in recent years. Researchers believe that paradigm shift exists in different domains of blended learning ranging from pedagogy to teacher roles. The present research, thus, used A 27-item and five-likert questionnaire (the STRI) to…

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the views of freshmen on using their smartphones in learning English as a foreign language. The study was designed based on a quantitative associational model. The data were collected from the 428 freshmen attending the English preparation programs run at Inönü and Firat Universities, Turkey, using…

This study investigated the effects of the flipped classroom model on EFL learner autonomy in a content-based instructional context. The participants involved were students enrolled in two linguistics classes, divided into an experimental group (n = 64) which received a flipped classroom (FC) instruction and a control group (n = 60) taught in a…

The article reports on a study that incorporated an immersive 3D virtual environment, created in Second Life (SL) into the curriculum of a Chinese program, including its development, implementation and evaluation. This innovation supplemented classroom teaching of Chinese language throughout one semester at a regional Australian university. Using…

The purpose of this paper is to present a specific case of CALL task design adopting the patterns-based learning design approach. The approach provides a common framework/vocabulary for educational designers, particularly teachers, to systematically capture, articulate, make explicit, share and reuse expert knowledge of teaching and good design.…

This study investigated the impacts of peer and teacher support on perceived technology usefulness and ease of use, and acceptance of computer-mediated collaboration in writing (CMCW) among Hong Kong primary school students, who learn English as a second/foreign language (ESL/EFL). The results showed that class-level peer support had direct and…

Learning a foreign language is a long-term process requiring persistence and a willingness to engage in activities that will help develop communicative competence. An important role on the way to achieving linguistic proficiency is played by L2 grit. However, foreign language learners differ in the intensity of this trait. We identify the most…

This study set out to examine which peer review, face-to-face given orally or online given in writing, is more effective in improving the overall argumentative writing achievement of English as a foreign language (EFL) university learners. The study utilized an experimental design and reported on one experiment including online peer review (OLPR)…