This paper describes an education project to train religious leaders in Cleveland's inner city to become community advocates and change agents. Includes results of a followup survey of participants indicating how their acquired skills are benefitting the community. (SK)

A community water supply project in Cameroon illustrates the following constraints on community participation in development: paternalistic authorities, prescriptive role of the state, selective participation, bias toward "hard" issues, inattention to negative results, group conflicts, gatekeeping, pressure for immediate results,…

Social services in China are provided primarily by local street offices and residents' committees, both serving as mechanisms for social and political control. Improvements in community development are dependent on professional training and separation from political education and mobilization. (SK)

Includes "The Case of Western Europe: Integration and Change in the EEC--The Fortress and the Excluded" (Conroy); "The Case of Eastern Europe: Why Community Development Still Has to Find a Role in Hungary" (Tausz); and "The Case of the Third World: People's Self-Development (Rahman). (SK)

Formal Leadership Training is helpful to all community leaders in improving their skills and understanding. It is shown as an asset in community development. (MR)

Gender as well as the structure of women's lives are important variables that must be included in social analysis. Although there appear to be linkages between community organizing theory and women's movement organizing, there has been insufficient interchange of ideas and challenge of the theoretical assumptions. (JOW)

A study of participatory evaluation by learning teams at 10 rural sites of the Empowerment Zones/Enterprise Communities program showed the importance of separating indicators of participation from project impacts. Evaluation of three categories was recommended: citizen participation (process indicators), impact of participation on individuals and…

Discusses the Gulbenkian Rhetoric (which sees the purpose of community work as inducing and enabling people to adapt to changed circumstances), outlines different models of change in respect to policy, social relations, and politics, discusses middle-range factors which influence change, and outlines the relevance of the 'social movements'…

Neighborhood service organizations such as Detroit's Hartford Memorial Baptist Church, Franklin Wright Settlements, and Warren/Conner Development Coalition have developed leadership and mobilized resources for collective action. Neighborhoods served by exceptional organizations contrast sharply with surrounding areas in decline. (SK)

Discusses the major breakthrough in the provision of adult education for working class communities which has taken place in the Liverpool (England) Educational Priority Area during the past two years. (Author)

An action learning project for neighborhood regeneration in Coventry, England, showed that differences of power and viewpoint were inevitable and essential. More open networks enabling communication among community groups were needed. Funding for community networking needed to go beyond short-term projects supported by the current policy agenda.…

Through research on personal perspectives of community workers, the author has identified a gap between theory and practice in the area of community work. She argues that ideology is the bridging mechanism through which one explains and redevelops practice and defines the nature of the process. (CH)

Discusses a study of burnout among 25 community development practitioners. Indicates that those experiencing more severe forms of burnout were employed in grassroots staff positions. (JOW)

Strategic development planning encompasses the setting of communitywide objectives; appraisal of external forces; analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats; and development of a community-owned strategic plan. As an appropriate method transferred from business, it overcomes criticisms of other community participatory planning…

Viewing the school as an organization and the community as based upon personal relations and connections, the relationship between the two is considered as part of a social network. The author considers influential networks, boundary perceptions and manipulations, and which school structures are likely to survive in that context. (AG)