An urban renewal program in preunification Berlin involved self-help projects and a community school. The program demonstrated a holistic approach to urban regeneration and showed that the success of participatory community processes depends on community education. (SK)

Cluster communities, voluntary alliances between communities to address common problems, can be facilitated by government financial support; state policies, laws, and regulations permitting collaboration; and educational programs. Education should focus on reconceptualizing "community" and fostering regional belonging. (SK)

Offers a five-point program for community education (based on a fluid definition in a British context) which involves school and community education, civic education and participation, community action, public education campaigns, and community relations. (LAS)

Discusses the major breakthrough in the provision of adult education for working class communities which has taken place in the Liverpool (England) Educational Priority Area during the past two years. (Author)

Urban community development has often become indistinguishable from community organization; other-direction, bureaucratic control, and lack of real community have diluted the original emphasis on activity-learning and attitude-changing. Consideration of the authors' categories (out-of-school, formal, non-formal, and informal education) might help…

The author argues that the appropriate type of citizen participation in an extension community development program depends on the goal for the program: creating community improvements or public policy education at the local level. He discusses the conflicting community-planning requirements between the two and stresses the need for extension…