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Why Do Children from Age 4 Fail True Belief Tasks? A Decision Experiment Testing Competence versus Performance Limitation Accounts
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Lydia Paulin Schidelko; Hannes Rakoczy – Cognitive Science, 2025
The standard view on Theory of Mind (ToM) is that the mastery of the false belief (FB) task around age 4 marks the ontogenetic emergence of full-fledged meta-representational ToM. Recently, a puzzling finding has emerged: Once children master the FB task, they begin to fail true belief (TB) control tasks. This finding threatens the validity of FB…
Descriptors: Childrens Attitudes, Theory of Mind, Beliefs, Young Children