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Brooks, Neon B.; Barner, David; Frank, Michael; Goldin-Meadow, Susan – Cognitive Science, 2018
People frequently gesture when problem-solving, particularly on tasks that require spatial transformation. Gesture often facilitates task performance by interacting with internal mental representations, but how this process works is not well understood. We investigated this question by exploring the case of mental abacus (MA), a technique in which…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Problem Solving, Computation, Schemata (Cognition)
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Prather, Richard W.; Alibali, Martha W. – Cognitive Science, 2008
Previous work has investigated adults' knowledge of principles for arithmetic with positive numbers (Dixon, Deets, & Bangert, 2001). The current study extends this past work to address adults' knowledge of principles of arithmetic with a negative number, and also investigates links between knowledge of principles and problem representation.…
Descriptors: Numbers, Problem Solving, Word Problems (Mathematics), Equations (Mathematics)