A total of 120 children (aged 5, 9 and 11 years old) performed a spatial recall task utilizing either visual or auditory items. Results showed that visual recall was significantly superior to auditory recall at all age levels and all serial positions regardless of cue modality. (Author/JMB)

Asked children and adults to recall events from "Sesame Street." Found that subjects' memory was influenced by causal factors (number of causal relations to other events, place in the story's causal chain) and this influence increased with age; children recalled actions, whereas adults recalled protagonists' goals; and children's recall…

Compares the development of working memory in normally achieving children and learning disabled children. Results show a growth of working memory as a function of age. Deficits in working memory for subtypes of learning disabled children are discussed. (RJC)

Reported two studies of the possible relation of knowledge to improvements in recall. Tested 8- to 11-year-old children and college students for knowledge recall before and after they saw videotapes about birds. Although knowledge and memory measures correlated, and most knowledge measures improved after children viewed the videotapes, recall and…

Tested infants at five and seven months of age for visual novelty preference. Tested the same infants at 12, 24, and 36 months by means of a battery of cognitive and language tests that compare novelty preference to general and specific cognitive abilities. Results support recent findings that infant novelty preference is predictive of later IQ.…

Examined memory of 3- to 18-year-olds with leukemia regarding lumbar punctures (LP). Found that children displayed considerable accuracy for event details, with accuracy increasing with age. Use of Versed (anxiolytic medication described as a "memory blocker") was not related to recall. Higher distress predicted greater exaggerations in…

Examines the concept of utilization deficiency related to memory strategy development. Argues that problems with current definition obscure previous important theoretical distinctions and limit investigations of strategy inefficiencies that are likely to be important in understanding development of strategy use. Maintains that the developmental…

Focuses on the importance and meaning of the degree of spontaneity in memory strategy production. Situates the concept of utilization deficiency within current work on memory strategy heterogeneity, contextual support, and situation-specific skills. Concludes that work on utilization deficiencies helps balance the focus on early emergence of…

The prefrontal cortex modulates executive control processes and structurally matures throughout adolescence. Consistent with these events, prefrontal functions that demand high levels of executive control may mature later than those that require working memory but decreased control. To test this hypothesis, adolescents (9 to 20 years old)…

A study of recorded and analyzed inspection times in a picture recognition memory task involving three different delays between inspection and test. Subjects were 108 4-, 6-, and 8-year-old children. (Author/SDH)

An investigation of the category-recall relationship using first, third, and fifth graders as subjects. Recall was found to be a function of the number of categories in the sort, and there were no differences in recall among the three retrieval conditions. (Author/SDH)

Children, 24-36 months old, were studied in an effort to examine the influence of cognitive development on the nature of information extracted from stimuli and coded into memory. (ST)

Children's ability to infer consequences from sentences automatically was assessed in two cued recall experiments. Seven- and eight-year-old children and adults served as subjects. (JMB)

A stages-of-learning model was used to examine effects of picture-word manipulation on storage and retrieval differences between disabled and nondisabled grade 2 and 6 children. Results showed that disabled students are poorer at memory tasks and in developing the ability to reliably retrieve information than nondisabled children. (Author/RH)

Assesses third-grade children's comprehension of traditional and nontraditional female sex-role portrayals in television programs. For both programs, children demonstrated accurate memory for role-relevant information, but children with higher levels of sex-role stereotyping remembered less role-relevant information than did children with lower…