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| Student Motivation | 2 |
| Academic Achievement | 1 |
| Beliefs | 1 |
| Contingency Management | 1 |
| Criticism | 1 |
| Elementary Education | 1 |
| Elementary School Students | 1 |
| Helplessness | 1 |
| Kindergarten Children | 1 |
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| Child Development | 2 |
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| Heyman, Gail D. | 1 |
| Pearlman, Charles | 1 |
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| Journal Articles | 2 |
| Reports - Research | 2 |
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Peer reviewedHeyman, Gail D.; And Others – Child Development, 1992
Investigated the possibility that some kindergartners exhibit patterns of affective reactions associated with helplessness. Results indicated that, after they were criticized by their teachers, some kindergartners showed affective reactions and made self-evaluations associated with motivational helplessness. Reactions were related to conceptions…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Beliefs, Criticism, Helplessness
Peer reviewedPearlman, Charles – Child Development, 1984
The effectance motivation of 624 sixth graders was assessed on the basis of two measures completed by teachers. Student were also observed for their choice of hard and easy problems after being informed of contingencies based on the correctness of solutions. (Author/CI)
Descriptors: Contingency Management, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Observation
