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Snarey, John R.; Vaillant, George E. – Child Development, 1985
Among 278 inner-city men studied for four decades and over three generations, eight variables captured 28 percent of the explained variance in upward social mobility: IQ, mother's education, mother's occupation, boyhood ego strength, and four ego defense mechanisms--intellectualization, dissociation, sublimation, and anticipation.…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Coping, Employed Women, Family Characteristics