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Schwartz, David; And Others – Child Development, 1993
Over five days, videotaped and analyzed contrived play sessions of African-American male first and third graders to examine behavioral patterns leading to chronic victimization by peers. Victims demonstrated lower rates of assertive behaviors and higher rates of nonassertive behaviors than nonvictims. Children who eventually emerged as chronic…
Descriptors: Aggression, Assertiveness, Behavior Patterns, Black Youth
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Sgan, Mabel L.; Pickert, Sarah M. – Child Development, 1980
Examined assertive bids of elementary school children engaged in a cooperative task. Results from kindergarten and grade one participants support previous research regarding greater male assertiveness and attempts to influence other boys. By grade three, girls' overall assertiveness equaled that of boys. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Assertiveness, Children, Cooperation