This study of the stability of parent behaviors toward toddlers over a 3-week period used both aggregated and nonaggregated data. Comparison of stability correlations indicated higher stabilities for aggregated scores, with the level of stability increasing as scores from additional single sessions were aggregated. (PCB)

Reviews parent-child interaction studies, the major source of information about the socialization process of the child. Deals fully with observation studies--naturalistic observation and experimentally arranged interaction in the laboratory--but also draws on interview and questionnaire methods for comparison. (WY)

Findings are discussed in an evolutionary context, and with reference to the popular belief that to respond to his cries spoils'' a baby. (Authors)

This project hoped to specify the role of early, mother-infant separation in determining later maternal behavior. Clinically, the results suggest that such a separation should be avoided whenever possible and should be minimized when separation is unavoidable. (Authors)

Demonstrated that time sampling is inaccurate for estimating durations or frequencies of behaviors. Also concluded that (1) individual or group differences can change depending on whether time sampling or continuous sampling is used; and (2) error rates are high when bout lengths of behaviors are short or when interval length is long. (BC)

These studies focused on sex differences and were designed to test the hypothesis that girls were more likely to be immobilized by a fear stimulus than boys. (Authors/CB)

Data indicate that the interventions provided differed in their effectiveness in calming newborns to a highly significant degree. (Authors)

Findings of this study suggest that a parent-education component is important if the child is to continue to benefit academically from a compensatory preschool program, although there may be no immediate effect on the youngsters. (Author)

Findings indicate that children who are learning language have available a sample of speech which is simpler, more redundant, and less confusing than normal adult speech. (Author)

Based on 25 white middle-class infants from 9 to 12 months of age, the earliest manifestation of obedience to appear was a simple disposition to comply with maternal commands and prohibitions, independent of efforts to train or discipline the baby. (Authors/RY)

A developmental model for paranoid behavior has been proposed which postulates that the attempt to adapt to sustained aversive maternal control by manipulative social approach behaviors (open adaptive style) leaves the person vulnerable to emerging paranoid tendencies. (Author)