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Reconsidering the Failure Model: Using a Genetically Controlled Design to Assess the Spread of Problems from Reactive Aggression to Internalizing Symptoms through Peer Rejection across the Primary School Years
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Sharon Faur; Olivia Valdes; Frank Vitaro; Mara Brendgen; Michel Boivin; Brett Laursen – Child Development, 2024
According to the failure model (Patterson & Capaldi, 1990), peer rejection is the intermediary link between problem behaviors and internalizing symptoms. The present study tested the model with 464 monozygotic and same-sex dizygotic twin pairs (234 female, 230 male dyads). Teacher-reported reactive aggression and internalizing symptoms, and…
Descriptors: Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Genetics, Aggression, Rejection (Psychology)
Helplessness in Early Childhood: The Role of Contingent Worth.
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Burhans, Karen Klein; Dweck, Carol S. – Child Development, 1995
Reviews a series of studies documenting that key aspects of helpless reactions to failure are present in preschool and early elementary school children. Proposes a preliminary model in which a general conception of self and the notion of this self as an object of contingent worth are sufficient conditions for helplessness. (HTH)
Descriptors: Academic Failure, Developmental Stages, Elementary School Students, Helplessness
Origins of Human Competence: A Cultural-Ecological Perspective.
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Ogbu, John U. – Child Development, 1981
Argues that child socialization is directed toward the development of instrumental competencies related to imperatives that vary across cultures. Criticizes the use of White middle-class standards in developmental research and proposes a cultural ecological model which studies competence in the context of the cultural imperatives of a given…
Descriptors: Child Rearing, Competence, Cross Cultural Studies, Cultural Differences