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Divergent Thinking Promotes Deductive Reasoning in Preschoolers
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de Chantal, Pier-Luc; Gagnon-St-Pierre, Émilie; Markovits, Henry – Child Development, 2020
This study explored the hypothesis that preschoolers' deductive reasoning would be improved by encouraging use of divergent thinking (DT). Children of 4-5 years of age (n = 120) were randomly given DT or neutral control exercises before deductive reasoning problems. To allow a stronger test of the hypothesis, half of the children receiving the DT…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Creative Thinking, Teaching Methods, Hypothesis Testing
Children's Thinking about Counterfactuals and Future Hypotheticals as Possibilities
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Beck, Sarah R.; Robinson, Elizabeth J.; Carroll, Daniel J.; Apperly, Ian A. – Child Development, 2006
Two experiments explored whether children's correct answers to counter factual and future hypothetical questions were based on an understanding of possibilities. Children played a game in which a toy mouse could run down either 1 of 2 slides. Children found it difficult to mark physically both possible outcomes, compared to reporting a single…
Descriptors: Educational Experiments, Child Development, Young Children, Probability
Promoting Transfer: Effects of Self-Explanation and Direct Instruction
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Rittle-Johnson, Bethany – Child Development, 2006
Explaining new ideas to oneself can promote transfer, but how and when such self-explanation is effective is unclear. This study evaluated whether self-explanation leads to lasting improvements in transfer success and whether it is more effective in combination with direct instruction or invention. Third- through fifth-grade children (ages 8-11;…
Descriptors: Independent Study, Transfer of Training, Discovery Learning, Elementary School Students