The current study investigated whether age-related changes in the conceptualization of social groups influences interpretation of the pronoun we. Sixty-four 2- and 4-year-olds (N = 29 female, 50 White-identifying) viewed scenarios in which it was ambiguous how many puppets performed an activity together. When asked who performed the activity, a…

A critical skill of childhood is learning social norms. We examine whether the generic pronouns "you" and "we," which frame information as applying to people in general rather than to a specific individual, facilitate this process. In one pre-registered experiment conducted online between 2020 and 2021, children 4- to…

Examines the strategies young children rely on prior to learning how to assign the terms top, bottom, front, and back, and the stages they go through as they master these terms. (Author/MP)

It was hypothesized that young children would have more trouble interpreting instructions given in the "Y because X" form than the "because X, Y." (SS)