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Peer reviewedHolden, George W. – Child Development, 1988
Investigated the effects of caregiving experience on adults' thinking about a child-rearing problem. Study 1 found that, of 192 adults, parents were better than nonparents at diagnosing the cause of a baby's crying. Study 2 extended the first study's findings to 42 mothers and 42 nonmothers. (SKC)
Descriptors: Adults, Child Rearing, Childlessness, Cognitive Processes
Peer reviewedGold, Dolores; And Others – Child Development, 1984
Two studies investigated two groups of young children at the ages of four and eight years, respectively. Subjects were required to solve a simple problem task by performing a response opposite to that demonstrated by an adult. Girls' performance was significantly worse than boys', regardless of the sex of the model. (Author/CI)
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Comparative Analysis, Models
Peer reviewedKuhn, Deanna; And Others – Child Development, 1979
Finds that, after being exposed to many isolation-of-variables assessment problems, most college subjects made immediate and substantial gains in formal reasoning, while preadolescents made gradual, modest gains. (RH)
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Children, Cognitive Ability
Direct linkWarneken, Felix; Chen, Frances; Tomasello, Michael – Child Development, 2006
Human children 18-24 months of age and 3 young chimpanzees interacted in 4 cooperative activities with a human adult partner. The human children successfully participated in cooperative problem-solving activities and social games, whereas the chimpanzees were uninterested in the social games. As an experimental manipulation, in each task the adult…
Descriptors: Young Children, Animals, Interaction, Group Activities
Peer reviewedMeehan, Anita M. – Child Development, 1984
Examines the findings of 53 studies of sex differences in propositional logic, combinatorial reasoning, and proportional reasoning tasks. Finds sex differences for the latter two tasks to be vulnerable to Rosenthal's "file drawer" problem and effect size to be small for all tasks. Discusses possible explanations for sex differences in…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Adolescents, Adults, Environmental Influences
Peer reviewedDenton, Kathy; Zarbatany, Lynne – Child Development, 1996
Examined age differences in the use and effectiveness of social support processes emitted during conversations about real life negative events between preadolescent, adolescent, and adult friends. Participants were 86 same-sex friendship dyads. Results indicated that talking to friends alleviated negative affect in all ages, but factors predicting…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adults, Age Differences, Emotional Experience
Amsterlaw, Jennifer – Child Development, 2006
Two studies investigated children's metacognition about everyday reasoning, assessing how they distinguish reasoning from nonreasoning and "good" reasoning from "bad." In Study 1, 80 1st graders (6-7 years), 3rd graders (8-9 years), 5th graders (10-11 years), and adults (18+ years) evaluated scenarios where people (a) used reasoning, (b) solved…
Descriptors: Grade 1, Grade 5, Grade 3, Metacognition
