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Direct linkJúlia Florit-Pons; Mariia Pronina; Alfonso Igualada; Pilar Prieto; Courtenay Norbury – Child Development, 2025
To see whether communicative-based multimodal skills (compared to non-communicative motor skills) predicted complex language skills, this study examined the predictive power of multimodal and motor skills on narrative and expressive pragmatic abilities across two groups. Participants were children with typical development (N = 88, M[subscript age]…
Descriptors: Psychomotor Skills, Communication Skills, Language Skills, Predictor Variables
Andrea Sander-Montant; Rébecca Bissonnette; Krista Byers-Heinlein – Child Development, 2025
Language exposure is an important determiner of language outcomes in bilingual children. Family language strategies (FLS, e.g., one-parent-one-language) were contrasted with parents' individual language use to predict language exposure in 4-31-month-old children (50% female) living in Montreal, Quebec. Two-hundred twenty one children (primarily…
Descriptors: Parent Influence, Mothers, Fathers, Language Usage
Elena Maker Castro; Laura Wray-Lake; Jason A. Plummer – Child Development, 2025
This study examined bidirectional changes in adolescents' awareness of inequality and race consciousness between 2017 and 2018 in the USA and whether discriminatory experiences informed developmental pathways. The sample (N = 2645; Mage = 14.6, SD = 2.14; 56.5% female; > 0.01% transgender and gender diverse) was White (35.8%), Latinx (31.4%),…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Racial Discrimination, Racism, Knowledge Level
Theodore E. A. Waters; Rui Yang; Yufei Gu; Victoria Zhu; Lixian Cui; Xuan Li; Niobe Way; Hirokazu Yoshikawa; Xinyin Chen; Sumie Okazaki; Kristen Bernard; Guangzhen Zhang; Zongbao Liang – Child Development, 2025
Despite the long-standing debate over the assumed universality of maternal sensitivity predicting attachment security (i.e., sensitivity hypothesis), few long-term longitudinal investigations on attachment have been conducted outside the Western context. We leveraged data from a prospective 9-year longitudinal study of middle-class families (N =…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Mothers, Affective Behavior, Attachment Behavior
Qianqian Wan; Olivera Savic; Mengcun Gao; Robby Ralston; Allison P. O'Leary; Vladimir M. Sloutsky – Child Development, 2025
This longitudinal study investigates metacognitive development in children aged four to six (N = 148; 74 girls; 106 White, 21 multiracial, 17 Black, 3 Asian, 1 Latino; collected in 2017-2019) compared to adults (N = 26, 13 women; collected in 2022). We assessed metacognitive monitoring and control using experimenter-elicited and self-generated…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Cognitive Development, Child Development, Preschool Children
Xiuyuan Zhang; Brandon A. Carrillo; Ariana Christakis; Julia A. Leonard – Child Development, 2025
Learning takes time: Performance usually starts poorly and improves with practice. Do children intuit this basic phenomenon of skill learning? In preregistered Experiment 1 (n = 125; 54% female; 48% White; collected 2022-2023), US 7- to 8-year-old children predicted improved performance, 5- to 6-year-old children predicted flat performance, and…
Descriptors: Young Children, Child Development, Skill Development, Predictor Variables
Li Zhao; Weihao Yan; Junjie Peng; Paul L. Harris – Child Development, 2025
This research with two studies examined whether young children's moral judgments of honesty and dishonesty predict their actual cheating behavior. Participants were 200 children aged 3-6 years (2021-2022. Study 1: N = 80, M[subscript age] = 4.96, 40 girls; Study 2: N = 120, M[subscript age] = 4.98, 60 girls; all middle-class Han Chinese). Children…
Descriptors: Moral Values, Decision Making, Cheating, Young Children
Sara A. Schmitt; Robert J. Duncan; Tanya M. Paes; Deborah Lowe Vandell – Child Development, 2025
The goal of this study was to identify the onset and magnitude of prediction of early cognition to adult socioeconomic outcomes. Specifically, we were interested in examining which cognitive skills measured at 15, 24, 36, and 54 months predict educational attainment and salary at age 26. Data (N = 1364, 52% male) included a diverse sample (76%…
Descriptors: Prediction, Cognitive Ability, Thinking Skills, Socioeconomic Status
Mei Zhou; Puyuan Zhang; Catherine Mimeau; Shelley Xiuli Tong – Child Development, 2024
Abstract The relation between statistical learning and working memory in children with developmental dyslexia (DD) remains unclear. This study employed a distributional and a conditional statistical learning experiment and a working memory task to examine this relation in 651 Chinese 6- to 12-year-olds with and without DD (N[subscript DD] = 199,…
Descriptors: Statistics Education, Short Term Memory, Foreign Countries, Children
Tess Allegra Forest; Layla Bradford; Lorna Ginnell; Maroussia Berger; Donna Herr; Emmie Mbale; Kavindya Dalawella; Chloë A. Jacobs; Chikondi Mchazime; Celia D'Amato; Zamazimba Madi; Pious Clifford Mkaka; Claudia Espinoza-Heredia; Tembeka Mhlakwaphalwa; Vukiwe Ngoma; Monique Gilmore; Marlie Miles; Jinge Ren; Nwabisa Mlandu; Reese Samuels; Michal R. Zieff; Melissa Gladstone; Kirsten A. Donald; Dima Amso – Child Development, 2025
Cognitive development is associated with how predictable caregivers are, but the mechanisms driving this are unclear. One possibility is caregiver predictability initially shapes how infants gather information for learning. Here, caregiver-infant dyads (N = 222, 2-6-months-old, all female caregivers; data collected 2022-2023) in South Africa and…
Descriptors: Child Caregivers, Caregiver Child Relationship, Infants, Eye Movements
Madeleine Bruce; Tatiana Meza-Cervera; Briana Ermanni; Martha Ann Bell – Child Development, 2025
This study investigated the associations between infant frontal EEG power (5 month), infant visual attention (10 month), and toddler executive functioning (EF; 24 month), extending previous research predominantly conducted with school-aged children. Data were collected from 410 typically developing children (51% female; 78% White, non-Hispanic)…
Descriptors: Infants, Brain, Cognitive Processes, Predictor Variables
Xin Yang; Xin Zhao; Yarrow Dunham; Lin Bian – Child Development, 2024
Across three pre-registered studies (n = 221 4-9-year olds, 51% female; 218 parents, 80% female; working- and middle-class backgrounds; data collected during 2019-2021) conducted in the United States (Studies 1-2; 74% White) and China (Study 3; 100% Asian), we document the emergence of a preference for "strivers." Beginning at age 7,…
Descriptors: Predictor Variables, Foreign Countries, Individual Characteristics, Children
Yael Paz; Sydney Sun; Michaela Flum; Yuheiry Rodriguez; Erin Brown; Rista C. Plate; Rebecca Waller – Child Development, 2025
Music is a powerful medium to study emotion recognition. However, findings are mixed regarding the proficiency of young children to detect emotion conveyed by music. Moreover, we lack knowledge about music emotion recognition and callous-unemotional traits, which portend risk for externalizing problems. The current study examined the performance…
Descriptors: Music, Psychological Patterns, Recognition (Psychology), Personality Traits
Schaadt, Gesa; Werwach, Annika; Obrig, Hellmuth; Friederici, Angela D.; Männel, Claudia – Child Development, 2023
Consonants and vowels differentially contribute to lexical acquisition. From 8 months on, infants' preferential reliance on consonants has been shown to predict their lexical outcome. Here, the predictive value of German-learning infants' (n = 58, 29 girls, 29 boys) trajectories of consonant and vowel perception, indicated by the…
Descriptors: Phonemes, Vowels, Infants, German
Hou Xie; Kaylin Ratner; Suzanne G. Fegley; Michael J. Nakkula – Child Development, 2025
This study investigated the development of educational aspirations (EAs) among Chinese youth (n = 2228, 48.61% female, 87.66% Han, M[subscript age_2010] = 11.48 years) for 6 years. Five latent classes of EA trajectories were identified. They varied greatly during early adolescence but converged around an associate degree in middle adolescence and…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Academic Aspiration, Age Differences, Academic Achievement
