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Walker, Grant M.; Schwartz, Myrna F.; Kimberg, Daniel Y.; Faseyitan, Olufunsho; Brecher, Adelyn; Dell, Gary S.; Coslett, H. Branch – Brain and Language, 2011
Semantic errors in aphasia (e.g., naming a horse as "dog") frequently arise from faulty mapping of concepts onto lexical items. A recent study by our group used voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) methods with 64 patients with chronic aphasia to identify voxels that carry an association with semantic errors. The strongest associations were…
Descriptors: Evidence, Semantics, Aphasia, Patients
Ash, Sharon; McMillan, Corey; Gunawardena, Delani; Avants, Brian; Morgan, Brianna; Khan, Alea; Moore, Peachie; Gee, James; Grossman, Murray – Brain and Language, 2010
The nature and frequency of speech production errors in neurodegenerative disease have not previously been precisely quantified. In the present study, 16 patients with a progressive form of non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) were asked to tell a story from a wordless children's picture book. Errors in production were classified as either phonemic,…
Descriptors: Phonetics, Phonemics, Patients, Language Processing
Liegeois, Frederique; Morgan, Angela T.; Stewart, Lorna H.; Cross, J. Helen; Vogel, Adam P.; Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh – Brain and Language, 2010
Hemispherectomy (disconnection or removal of an entire cerebral hemisphere) is a rare surgical procedure used for the relief of drug-resistant epilepsy in children. After hemispherectomy, contralateral hemiplegia persists whereas gross expressive and receptive language functions can be remarkably spared. Motor speech deficits have rarely been…
Descriptors: Articulation (Speech), Children, Receptive Language, Profiles
Hodgson, Catherine; Lambon Ralph, Matthew A. – Brain and Language, 2008
Semantic errors are commonly found in semantic dementia (SD) and some forms of stroke aphasia and provide insights into semantic processing and speech production. Low error rates are found in standard picture naming tasks in normal controls. In order to increase error rates and thus provide an experimental model of aphasic performance, this study…
Descriptors: Speech Impairments, Neurological Impairments, Error Patterns, Visual Stimuli
Hochstadt, Jesse; Nakano, Hiroko; Lieberman, Philip; Friedman, Joseph – Brain and Language, 2006
Studies of sentence comprehension deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients suggest that language processing involves circuits connecting subcortical and cortical regions. Anatomically segregated neural circuits appear to support different cognitive and motor functions. To investigate which functions are implicated in PD comprehension…
Descriptors: Memory, Sentences, Neurological Impairments, Patients
Ogar, Jennifer; Willock, Sharon; Baldo, Juliana; Wilkins, David; Ludy, Carl; Dronkers, Nina – Brain and Language, 2006
In a previous study (Dronkers, 1996), stroke patients identified as having apraxia of speech (AOS), an articulatory disorder, were found to have damage to the left superior precentral gyrus of the insula (SPGI). The present study sought (1) to characterize the performance of patients with AOS on a classic motor speech evaluation, and (2) to…
Descriptors: Correlation, Neurological Impairments, Articulation Impairments, Brain
Marchman, Virginia A.; Saccuman, Cristina; Wulfeck, Beverly – Brain and Language, 2004
In this study, 22 children with early left hemisphere (LHD) or right hemisphere (RHD) focal brain lesions (FL, n=14 LHD, n=8 RHD) were administered an English past tense elicitation test (M=6.5 years). Proportion correct and frequency of overregularization and zero-marking errors were compared to age-matched samples of children with specific…
Descriptors: English, Morphemes, Children, Neurological Impairments
Bhatnagar, Subhash C.; Mandybur, George T. – Brain and Language, 2005
Fifteen neurosurgical subjects, who were undergoing thalamic chronic electrode implants as a treatment for dyskinesia and chronic pain, were evaluated on a series of neurolinguistic functions to determine if the stimulation of the centromedianum nucleus of the thalamus affected language and cognitive processing. Analysis of the data revealed that…
Descriptors: Stimulation, Neurological Impairments, Chronic Illness, Pain
Colangelo, Annette; Holden, John G.; Buchanan, Lori; Van Orden, Guy C. – Brain and Language, 2004
This article contrasts aphasic patients' performance of word naming and lexical decision with that of intact college-aged readers. We discuss this contrast within a framework of self-organization; word recognition by aphasic patients is destabilized relative to intact performance. Less stable performance shows itself as an increase in the…
Descriptors: Aphasia, Patients, College Students, Word Frequency