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Anna J. Esbensen; Emily K. Schworer; Nancy R. Lee; Emily K. Hoffman; Kaila Yamamoto; Deborah Fidler – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2024
This study evaluated the appropriateness of scoring the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function--Preschool (BRIEF-P) using age-equivalent scores generated from multiple measures of cognition and language among school-age children with Down syndrome (DS). Subscale T scores for 95 children with DS were contrasted using standard scoring on…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Preschool Tests, Down Syndrome, Behavior
Lee, Michelle; Bush, Lauren; Martin, Gary E.; Barstein, Jamie; Maltman, Nell; Klusek, Jessica; Losh, Molly – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2017
This longitudinal study examined pragmatic language in boys and girls with Down syndrome (DS) at up to three time points, using parent report, standardized and direct assessments. We also explored relationships among theory of mind, executive function, nonverbal mental age, receptive and expressive vocabulary, grammatical complexity, and pragmatic…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Children, Language Skills, Pragmatics
Turkstra, Lyn S.; Abbeduto, Leonard; Meulenbroek, Peter – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2014
This study aimed to characterize social cognition, executive functions (EFs), and everyday social functioning in adolescent girls with fragile X syndrome, and identify relationships among these variables. Participants were 20 girls with FXS and 20 age-matched typically developing peers. Results showed significant between-groups differences in…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Social Cognition, Interpersonal Competence, Females

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