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Direct linkBlock, Elisa; Farran, Emily K.; Van Herwegen, Jo – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2022
The block design task (BDT) is a visuospatial measure that individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) perform poorly on. However, it is unclear what underlies their impaired performance. This study investigated whether poorer performance is a result of visuospatial difficulties, executive function (EF) difficulties, atypical looking strategies, or a…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Visual Perception, Spatial Ability, Executive Function
Mason, Gina Marie; Spanó, Goffredina; Edgin, Jamie – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2015
This study examined individual differences in ADHD symptoms and executive function (EF) in children with Down syndrome (DS) in relation to the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene, a gene often linked to ADHD in people without DS. Participants included 68 individuals with DS (7-21 years), assessed through laboratory tasks, caregiver reports, and…
Descriptors: Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Individual Differences, Genetics
Lee, Michelle; Bush, Lauren; Martin, Gary E.; Barstein, Jamie; Maltman, Nell; Klusek, Jessica; Losh, Molly – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2017
This longitudinal study examined pragmatic language in boys and girls with Down syndrome (DS) at up to three time points, using parent report, standardized and direct assessments. We also explored relationships among theory of mind, executive function, nonverbal mental age, receptive and expressive vocabulary, grammatical complexity, and pragmatic…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Children, Language Skills, Pragmatics
Chevalère, Johann; Postal, Virginie; Jauregui, Joseba; Copet, Pierre; Laurier, Virginie; Thuilleaux, Denise – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2015
The aim of this study was to support the growing evidence suggesting that Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) might present with an impairment of executive functions (EFs) and to investigate whether this impairment is specific to patients with PWS or due to their intellectual disability (ID). Six tasks were administered to assess EFs (inhibition,…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Disabilities, Executive Function, Neurological Impairments
Kirk, Hannah; Gray, Kylie; Ellis, Kirsten; Taffe, John; Cornish, Kim – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2017
Children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) experience significant difficulties in attention, learning, executive functions, and behavioral regulation. Emerging evidence suggests that computerized cognitive training may remediate these impairments. In a double blind controlled trial, 76 children with IDD (4-11 years) were…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Training, Academic Achievement, Executive Function
Turkstra, Lyn S.; Abbeduto, Leonard; Meulenbroek, Peter – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2014
This study aimed to characterize social cognition, executive functions (EFs), and everyday social functioning in adolescent girls with fragile X syndrome, and identify relationships among these variables. Participants were 20 girls with FXS and 20 age-matched typically developing peers. Results showed significant between-groups differences in…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Social Cognition, Interpersonal Competence, Females
Daunhauer, Lisa A.; Fidler, Deborah J.; Hahn, Laura; Will, Elizabeth; Lee, Nancy Raitano; Hepburn, Susan – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2014
We investigated executive functioning (EF) in children with Down syndrome (DS; n = 25) and typically developing (TD) children matched for mental age (MA; n = 23) using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool. We sought to (1) compare children with DS to a developmentally matched control group, and (2) to characterize the EF…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Cognitive Processes, Children, Down Syndrome
