The Planning and Implementation Committee of the Pharmacy in the 21st Century conference edited and condensed 375 issue statements generated by 7 workshops. Some 112 statements were presented to the conferees to develop a consensus of the conference on the importance of these issues as they will affect pharmacy in the next 15-20 years. (Author/MLW)

American pharmacy practice education, it is suggested, has been strongly influenced by its identity with the university and efforts to fullfill the philosophical goals of higher education. The transition from technological skill development to science education was a reaction to the universities' expectations. (Author/MLW)

Although a literature review indicates a dissatisfaction of pharmacists with pharmacy education, a survey of registered pharmacists in Oklahoma, conducted to determine the attitudes and perceptions of practicing pharmacists, indicates that the majority of respondents have a favorable attitude toward current pharmacy education. (JMD)

An attempt to present a quantitative picture of the growth of the practice of citation in the American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and to provide some measure of the degree of influence of both authors and individual papers is described. (Author/MLW)

Four types of barriers to expanded pharmacy services are discussed: cognitive, situational, legal, and attitudinal. It is suggested that an integrated strategy be developed to overcome these barriers, enabling pharmacists to maximize their contributions to health care. (SF)

Cognitive, situational, legal, and attitudinal barriers to expanding the health care services offered by pharmacists are discussed. It is concluded that since pharmacists are the only health care professionals specializing in drugs and their proper use, the profession should maximize its contribution to society. (SF)

Cognitive, situational, and attitudinal barriers to expanding the role of the pharmacist in the health care services are discussed. Attention is focused on how pharmacy education can overcome some of these barriers. (SF)

Since pharmacy and pharmaceutical education offer the opportunity for students to select from various alternatives for recognition of general and specialized competencies, an effort must be made to clearly define those alternatives and to set minimum levels of competence and qualifications for licensure. (LBH)

It is argued that the role of colleges in the effort to maximize pharmacy's contribution to society requires an emphasis on research in the pharmaceutical sciences, in the clinical use of drugs, and in the socioeconomic aspects of drug therapy. This will produce more qualified pharmacists and greater credibility for the profession. (JMD)

A survey of administrative structure and academic status of clinical faculty in accredited schools of pharmacy showed that all responding schools (70 per cent return) have a full-time clinical faculty category with most having part-time and unsalaried as well. Information on departmental power, promotion, tenure, and reappointment are included.…

Senior pharmacy students' perceptions prior to and after clinical experience were examined as they rated the occupations of BS pharmacist, PharmD pharmacist, physician, and nurse in one of three teaching hospitals in which the clinical course was conducted. The clinical experience did not significantly change students' previous perceptions. (LBH)

Barriers to role expansion for pharmacists working in institutional settings are discussed, such as competency, interdisciplinary responsibilities, and financial reimbursement. Underlying principles that may be applied to overcome the traditional barriers to pharmacist intervention in drug use problems are examined. (SF)

A study to determine if clinically educated pharmacy students at the University of Cincinnati possessed perceptions of the professional status of their career choice indicative of disillusionment is reviewed. The study suggests perceptions change over the three-year curriculum and changes may be related to content and nature of courses.…

As pharmacy seeks to attain professional recognition along with other professions within the health care system, it must seek to integrate the dissemination of drug knowledge along with its distribution functions and its educational system needs to produce pharmacists who can meet the drug information needs of society. (JMD)

An instrument for measuring pharmacists' attitudes is described, following Hall and Snizek definitions of ideal professional attitudes. Items measure relationships between professional attitudes and personal variables, participation in educational programs, and job satisfaction among hospital pharmacists. The questionnaire is appended. (MLW)