The paper is concerned with the relationship between hierarchy, democracy and action learning. It examines what hierarchy and democracy are and the pervasiveness of the former, noting critiques that have been made. The compatibility of democracy and hierarchy is reviewed, together with the extent to which democracy is democratic. It is proposed…

In times of growing societal complexity and uncertainty, traditional decision-making mechanisms such as the majority principle are increasingly reaching their limits. This article explores the interplay between Systemic Consensing (SC) and Action Learning (AL) as innovative, participatory approaches to decision-making that are committed to the…

This essay explores the interplay between action learning and democracy in organizations, institutions and society. We start by reflecting on the history of democracy as an emancipatory discourse in management learning and education. We elaborate on critical reflection in action-based approaches to learning and identify key elements of critical…

Higher education institutions can be key agents of innovation and regional development. Nevertheless, they are in a transition period: good, tried, and tested practices no longer work or do not work as well as they used to, while new, fully developed, and widely applied solutions are yet to emerge. In this paper, we investigate to what extent…

This paper proposes action learning has a role to play in advancing responsible AI. Despite the recent surge in attention towards artificial intelligence, predominantly focusing on its technological and commercial aspects, the social dimensions have often been overlooked. Action learning, known for fostering interdisciplinary discourse, is…

This paper explores the experiences of six Academic Skills Tutors (AST) responsible for facilitating action learning sets (ALS) on a postgraduate module. Our research focused on two elements: first, what did the tutors understand by the term critically reflexive practice in the context of business and management? Second, what has supported the…

This paper explores how democratic educational practices and action learning are applied in an MSc Human Resource Management Enhancement Programme (HRMEP) in a UK higher education context. Using a triple-layered model of reflective learning, the programme emphasises a participatory approach, critical reflection, and practical application of HRM…

The purpose of this paper is to present an empirical CAL project, HOLD ON, which developed leadership towards social, economic and ecological sustainability. The latter became a target area in the 2018 reform of the Swedish preschool's national curriculum, Lpfo18. A "Whole School Approach" (WSA) and "Education for Sustainable…

This paper explores the role of auto action learning in supporting circular practices. It presents a case study of small UK based hospitality businesses taking part in a composting initiative and considers how participants learn new actions through auto-action learning enabled by scientific social media (SSM). This novel approach generates written…

This study explores the synergy between Action Learning (AL) and democratic practices within organisations, positioning Action Learning Sets (ALSs) as microcosms of representative democracy. It emphasises the pivotal role of trust-building -- particularly swift trust in virtual settings -- in fostering collaborative environments where democratic…

The ongoing war in Ukraine highlighted the urgent need to develop democratic competences, including critical thinking, intercultural communication, cooperation and active civic participation, to preserve democracy during adversity. This study explored how integrating action learning within Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL)…