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Download full textLehman, Blair; D'Mello, Sidney; Strain, Amber; Mills, Caitlin; Gross, Melissa; Dobbins, Allyson; Wallace, Patricia; Millis, Keith; Graesser, Art – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2013
Cognitive disequilibrium and its affiliated affective state of confusion have been found to positively correlate with learning, presumably due to the effortful cognitive activities that accompany their experience. Although confusion naturally occurs in several learning contexts, we hypothesize that it can be induced and scaffolded to increase…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Undergraduate Students, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Learning
