This project engaged Ghanaian secondary pupils in authentic science and engineering activities by using model biodigesters that reduce organic waste and produce biogas and fertiliser. The pupils' activities paralleled scientists' activities, such as asking research questions and designing experiments. Our study included two cohorts of Ghanaian…

Presented are statistical data from the Annual Survey of Scientific and Engineering Expenditures at Universities and Colleges, FY 1983. These data represent science and engineering (SE) expenditures for separately budgeted research and development (R&D). The phrase "separately budgeted R&D expenditures" refers to current fund…

This report presents information from phase I of a survey designed to develop quantitative indicators of the current national stock, cost/investment, condition, obsolescence, utilization, and need for major research instruments in academic settings. Data for phase I (which focused on the physical and computer sciences and engineering) were…

Statistical data on research and development (R&D) expenditures from the 1980 Survey of Scientific and Engineering Expenditures at Universities and Colleges are presented. Information was obtained from 514 schools and 19 federally funded R&D centers. In order to provide national totals for academic R&D expenditures, estimates were made…