English language learner (ELL) students in K-12 schools in the United States need to develop both English language skills and content-area subject knowledge using English as the medium of instruction. As such, teacher education programs that specialize in K-12 ELL teaching are tasked with preparing teacher candidates to integrate language teaching…

This paper explores secondary school students' investment in their language learning after having graduated from one of four bilingual (also termed Content and Language Integrated Language (CLIL)) primary school programs in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. We show the different study pathways pursued by a selection of students and illustrate…

In content and language integrated learning (CLIL) classrooms, it is assumed that non-language content subjects provide more authentic communicative contexts for students to learn a foreign/second/additional language (L2). However, learning abstract concepts and academic language in an L2 simultaneously is also challenging for CLIL students. It is…