The "credit card effect" describes a finding where greater value is given to consumer items if credit card logos are present. One explanation for the effect is that credit cards elicit spending behavior through associative learning. If this is true, social, economic and historical contexts should alter this effect. In Experiment 1, Year…

In winter and spring 1995, the Western Center for Community College Development, in Oregon, undertook a 2-year project to develop the Contextual Learning Institute and Consortium to train teachers in contextual teaching, or instruction linked to the real life domains of students, and implement this methodology in a variety of subjects at the high…