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Daniel Rodriguez-Segura; Beth E. Schueler – Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University, 2022
School closures induced by COVID-19 placed heightened emphasis on alternative ways to measure student learning besides in-person exams. We leverage the administration of phone-based assessments (PBAs) measuring numeracy and literacy for primary school children in Kenya, along with in-person standardized tests administered to the same students…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, School Closing, COVID-19, Pandemics


