This paper discusses the scholarly literature related to tablet computer use in medicine. Forty-four research-based articles were examined for emerging categories and themes. The most studied uses for tablet computers include: patients using tablets to complete diagnostic survey instruments, medical professionals using tablet computers to view radiology results in order to make a diagnosis or share results with patients at the bedside, and surgeons using tablet computers to view and manipulate patient specific three dimensional images during surgery. In addition, educational uses of tablet computers included: tablets to support patient education and medical residents using tablets as portable computers in clinical settings. These uses indicate that within medicine, tablet computers are being used for more than just providing convenient anytime anywhere access to reference material. [For the full proceedings see ED562140.]