Authors conducted a systematic review of the available Dutch, English, and German language literature for the period 1997-2008 on the current knowledge on social-psychological and pharmacological caregiving with respect to older adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) affected by dementia. Authors note that caregiving occurs on a personal level…

The administrative bonus model described here assumes that educational delivery systems can be improved by improving people. That is, a people-improvement program is a better buy than the adoption and innovation syndrome of the fifties and sixties. This plan restores the principalship to its rightful place in the line of authority, power, and…

The Discovery Learning, Inc. (DLI) process of instruction is an instructional delivery system that combines presentations of ideas, subject matter, and classroom management in a dynamic setting. The first component of the model is a blending of directed dialogue instruction, participation-generating techniques, and innovative presentations of…

Staff development programs aiming to effect meaningful change are often short-lived and fail to promote teacher growth due to (1) lack of teacher control over program content; (2) the difficulty of influencing long-term changes in teachers' classroom behavior; and (3) the problem of documenting behavior change. This paper discusses a…

The goal of the Michigan plan for school staff development is to clearly describe a comprehensive approach to staff development. The plan relies on two basic assumptions. The first is that local school staff should be involved in the planning process. The second is that the state has a unique and specific role to play in facilitating quality…

A broad range of literature on staff development, an important component of intensive English programs (IEPs) is reviewed, and an interactive staff development model is proposed. The model calls for three layers of staff as defined in TESOL's Statement of Core Standards--Administrative, Instructional, and Support--that may mutually enhance one…

Although teacher inservice programs based on Madeline Hunter's Program for Effective Teaching (PET) have become very popular in U.S. schools, there is little evidence that the Hunter model ultimately results in increased student achievement. This longitudinal study attempts to evaluate the effects of Hunter-based staff development programs on…

The Staff Development for School Improvement Project (SDSI) combined the resources of Wayne State University with 19 schools from 15 school districts in the Detroit (Michigan) metropolitan area. The university provided a facilitator to guide each school through the following six-step change process: (1) awareness, readiness, and commitment; (2)…

An interagency conference, Reading Families and Youth Who Have Limited Resources, was held in September 1992. Over a 2-day period, 186 adult educators and human service professionals participated in 27 different workshops. An innovative evaluation model was developed to assess the impacts of conference participation on reaching audiences who have…

This paper is designed to help educational leaders improve their decision making strategies (and correspondingly educational practice) by evaluating their own strategy in concert with a model proposed in the paper. The proposed model provides educational leaders with an enhanced context within which one can effectively analyze and evaluate…

Beeby's description of the four modes of operation of school systems is couched mainly in terms of teachers' conduct in the classroom. In translating this into administrative terms, only two levels are of prime importance, formalism and meaning. Formalism implies preoccupation with maintenance of existing procedures and policies, while meaning…

This study was designed to determine the degree of use, level of client satisfaction of professional development and educational services, and to identify suggestions for improving services. Results from a mixed methodology approach indicated moderate to high levels of satisfaction in two program areas and moderate to high levels of…

As schools respond to higher expectations for student learning, school staffs are uniting around innovations that show the greatest promise for improving student learning. This paper examines one particular staff-development initiative, the Northwest Initiative for Teaching and Learning (NWIFTL), and the leadership actions that support and sustain…

Using tools from ethonography, this study constructed a model of reflective practice drawn from the words and actions of a small group of field-based educators identified as being exemplary practitioners. The model portrayed a purposeful and dynamic process in which acute attention to context and factors was weighed against consciously evaluated…

A mutual support model was developed to prepare teachers to meet the needs of mainstreamed handicapped children at the University of Akron (OH). In 1975 the university was among the first to receive funding from the Bureau of Education for the Handicapped. Among the first tasks that year was the challenge of changing the attitudes of faculty who…