Students in three mathematics classes were assessed on two aptitudes, field independence and general reasoning, and randomly assigned to either an expository or a discovery treatment. The expository treatment used a deductive sequence of instruction and provided maximal guidance for the students. The discovery group used an inductive sequence with…

Discussed are the difficulties that entering college freshmen seem to have with mathematics, particularly with fractional forms. A success-oriented program is suggested in which all students are successful. To obtain this goal, a number of alternative routes are discussed such as presenting decimals before fractional forms and the use of the…

Three preliminary studies and one exploratory main study investigated the effect of calculator use on elementary, middle, and secondary school students' solution methods on routine mathematical problems. Items were identified for which a longer and a shorter solution method existed. Half of the sample worked these using a calculator and half used…

The first section of this conference report attempts to set a context for the research and development recommendations made by the conferees and to reflect certain guidelines and cautions that participants felt were important. General background and some working assumptions, the present state of mathematics education as a context for conference…

Five regional conferences designed for elementary supervisors and elementary mathematics educators were held in Ohio. The purposes of the conferences were: (1) to provide direction on the effective use of the calculator in the elementary school classroom; (2) to re-emphasize the importance of problem solving as a major curricular outcome; (3) to…