Apart from Internet addiction, smartphone addiction has played important roles in students' lives as observed in recent studies. There are positive and negative aspects in using smartphones especially in higher education. University administrators or instructors should take into account what factors are affecting students' smartphone addiction in…

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between reading comprehension scores and conceptual mathematics scores of third grade students at a selected elementary school. The sample consisted of 27 students of which 15 were females and 12 were males. Data were collected using a teacher made conceptual math exam and the scores from…

When investigating differences between two sets of scores, the t test is appropriate. If the two sets of data are from two groups of subjects, then the independent t test is appropriate. If the two sets are from the same subjects, the dependent t test is required. In this paper, the authors describe the use of a third test when part of a data set…

Statistics such as chi-square, phi, and Cramer's V are related to the R squared statistic of regression analysis. It is shown that the proportion of variance accounted for can be computed from many contingency table situations. (JKS)

This paper relates common statistics from contingency table analysis to the more familiar R squared terminology in order to better understand the strength of the relation implied. The method of coding contingency tables was shown, as well as how R squared related to phi, V, and chi squared. (Author/CTM)

Considerable thought, research, and concern has been expanded in an effort to determine whether the assumption of a quadratic relation between a single predictor and a criterion violated the assumptions which Johnson and Neyman (1936) state for calculating regions of significance about interacting regressions. In particular, there has been special…

Using a Monte Carlo approach, comparison was made between traditional procedures and a multiple linear regression approach to test for differences between values of r sub 1 and r sub 2 when sample data were dependent and independent. For independent sample data, results from a z-test were compared to results from using multiple linear regression.…

A growing controversy surrounds the strict interpretation of statistical significance tests in social research. Statistical significance tests fail in particular to provide estimates for the stability of research results. Methods that do provide such estimates are known as invariance or cross-validation procedures. Invariance analysis is largely…

The use of characteristic coding (dummy coding) is made in showing solutions to four multivariate problems using canonical analysis. The canonical variates can be themselves analyzed by the use of multiple linear regression. When the canonical variates are used as criteria in a multiple linear regression, the R2 values are equal to 0, where 0 is…

This paper examines the multivariate multiple regression model and explores its applicability to communication research. The first section discusses partitioning of a data matrix, as a heuristic device for distinguishing among alternative regression models. Section two examines various aspects of univariate multiple regression, including the form…

A proposal to formulate nomothetic theories -- general statements or scientific laws -- in a way to allow for an immediate test of individual differences is presented. The need for such a proposal is cited in recent developments in structural model building in the area of memory called information processing and in the concern to bring individual…

A relatively simple procedure for modeling periodic components in time series data is presented in this paper, along with an example of the procedure's use with communication data. Similar to multiple regression analysis, the described procedure has four steps that are based on information about periodic waves and their components, how to create…

Variables and conditions that influence the learning of computer-presented expository text were investigated in this study, in which on-screen underlining was used as a learning aid to increase "mindful" processing of information. The effects of three intervening variables--amount of invested mental effort (AIME), learning style, and…