Spatial visualization skills are essential and fundamental to studying STEM subjects, and sketching is an effective way to practice those skills. One significant challenge of supporting practice using sketching questions is the vast number of possible mistakes, making it time-consuming for instructors to provide customized and actionable feedback…

The time constraints facing most Navy instructors often preclude their providing feedback concerning poor performance of trainees in various military training programs that takes into account such psychological considerations as contiguity, repetition, reinforcement, or consideration of a learner's internal conditions of learning. The Instructor's…