This paper addresses the understanding of technological tools' influences on formative assessment in classrooms. From an extensive literature review we outline what is known about the role technology is playing in assisting teachers' assessment practice and how this is being done in primary and secondary school settings. A literature search…

Most theoretical work on reflection in teaching has been analytical. This body of work presents reflection not as a unified concept but as a loosely aligned group of perspectives. These distinct but related perspectives on reflection in teaching have taken on identities and paths of their own. The existence of this body of research implies that…

Research on staff development suggests that teachers are more likely to benefit from training if they are able to learn on their own. This paper examines staff development for early childhood professionals, focusing on the need for an individualized approach and applying the findings to preschool education in Singapore. The paper considers the…

In this paper on the use of teachers as reflective users of peer clinical supervision, a research and literature review relating to the assumptions of clinical supervision, fostering reflective practice through clinical supervision, and the special potential of peer clinical supervision is presented. Then, a personal account of a beginning…

Background: Examined or unexamined, all teacher candidates (TCs) bring to their teacher education programs their prior school experience as well as the socio-cultural history of education. This study was one of a series done by this researcher (1994, 2004, 2005, 2006) to find ways to promote reflective practice in teacher education. Purpose: The…

The authors examine the literature that sets the foundation for a lesson design cycle for differentiating instruction in inclusive classrooms. Use the cycle to differentiate at the four design points of understanding the learners, delineating content and materials, assessing what learners know, and differentially arranging teaching/learning…

The question explored in this report is whether electronic networks are effective tools for creating and sustaining reflective teacher communities. Over the past two decades, computer mediated communication (CMC) technologies have been used in a variety of efforts aimed at fostering teacher learning and teacher collaboration. A study sought to…

This paper examines several questions about reflective thinking and its application in education as a way of extending the applications of the concept. An early section offers background on reflection from dictionary definitions and from philosophers such as John Locke and John Dewey. The next section examines educational practice and reflective…

This paper reviews the use of metaphor analysis as a research tool in education, specifically second or foreign language (L2/FL) education, recommending the application of sociocultural theory as a coherent framework to explain how L2/FL teachers construct metaphorical conceptualizations of their profession. It presents examples from a study…

The purpose of this paper is to identify practices and trends in elementary and secondary education literature applicable to early childhood student teacher supervision. The paper begins by reviewing the relevant literature on both historical and current perspectives on early childhood teacher education programs. Then, the goals of student…

This paper seeks to explore how beginning elementary school teachers (N=161) in Singapore conceive the scope and nature of science and to understand the relationship between those views and their present approach to, as well as their past experience of, science teaching and learning. Results of an inquiry into the teachers' views indicate that…

There is a strong international trend for governments to move teacher training away from the universities into the schools. In effect, this is a challenge to the expertise and effectiveness of university-based teacher educators. This paper examines the role of fashions in research in the destruction of teacher educator credibility. Reflective…

Reflection is a commonly used term in teacher education. Its meaning and use, however, varies from person to person and from program to program. Despite these variations, there is agreement that the goal of preparing reflective practitioners is a worthwhile endeavor in teacher education. The purpose of reflecting is to untangle a problem, or to…

This paper explores how exemplary teachers integrate three forms of knowledge in order to help student learn. This triad of knowledge is composed of professional knowledge (subject matter, curricular, and pedagogical knowledge), interpersonal knowledge (relationship with students, the education community and the local community), and intrapersonal…

This paper highlights some emerging trends in rethinking the teacher education practicum in North America. The paper discusses several major obstacles to student teacher learning that persist even in many of the new inquiry-oriented practicums that focus on the development of reflective teaching practice. While teachers praise the value of the…