Power in multilevel models remains an area of interest to both methodologists and substantive researchers. In two-level designs, the total sample is a function of both the number of level-2 (e.g., schools) clusters and the average number of level-1 (e.g., classrooms) units per cluster. Traditional multilevel power calculations rely on either the…

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate clustering methods within a functional data analysis (FDA) framework for identifying subgroups of individuals that may be exhibiting categories of misfit. Person response functions (PRFs) estimated within a FDA framework (FDA-PRFs) provide graphical displays that can aid in the identification of persons…

We examined associations between proactive and reactive aggression and peer likability across two academic years. Analyses were based on a sample of 442 elementary school children. Proactive and reactive aggression were assessed through self-report and peer likability was assessed via a peer nomination inventory. Data were collected in the fall…

MOOCs (massive open online courses) have attracted considerable attention from researchers. Fueled by constant change and developments in educational technology, the trends of MOOCs have varied greatly over the years. To detect and visualize the developments and changes in MOOC research, 4,652 articles published between 2009 and 2021 were…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify student clusters based on patterns of behavioural, cognitive, emotional, collaborative and social engagement in virtual classrooms, within the context of higher education. The study also attempts to explore the differences amongst the student clusters with respect to various motivating and…

A common diagnosis in the literature is that the writing of Spanish speakers is generally a structural problem. The writing of 81 university students was analysed by classifying the teacher's comments based on 11 variables that were recorded once during a continuous evaluation that supported the assessment. The techniques used were Content…

Previous research found bias in the estimate of the overall fixed effects and variance components using multilevel meta-analyses of standardized single-case data. Therefore, we evaluate two adjustments in an attempt to reduce the bias and improve the statistical properties of the parameter estimates. The results confirm the existence of bias when…

We investigated the scientific reasoning competencies of pre-service science teachers (PSTs) using a multiple-choice assessment. This assessment targeted seven reasoning skills commonly associated with scientific investigation and scientific modeling. The sample consisted of 112 PSTs enrolled in a secondary teacher education program. A latent…

Purpose of the study is to substantiate the feasibility of using the model of benchmarking of educational services in the socially responsible educational-innovative cluster in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, the authors focus on justify a "nuclear" approach to the cluster formation. The process-oriented benchmarking…

Background: Promoting and improving STEM education is being driven by economic concerns as modern economies have a rising demand for qualified researchers, technicians, and other STEM professionals. In addition, women remain under-represented in STEM-related fields, with significant economic and societal consequences. Abundant research has shown…

A theoretical and conceptual framework for true-score equating using a simple-structure multidimensional item response theory (SS-MIRT) model is developed. A true-score equating method, referred to as the SS-MIRT true-score equating (SMT) procedure, also is developed. SS-MIRT has several advantages over other complex multidimensional item response…

A deep understanding of the learning level of online learners is a critical factor in promoting the success of online learning. Using knowledge structures as a way to understand learning can help analyze online students' learning levels. The study used concept maps and clustering analysis to investigate online learners' knowledge structures in a…

Randomized experiments involving education interventions are typically implemented as cluster randomized trials, with schools serving as clusters. To design such a study, it is critical to understand the degree to which learning outcomes vary between versus within clusters (schools), specifically the intraclass correlation coefficient. It is also…

Teacher professional vision as a concept is gaining importance in research on teaching, and recently models for studying teacher professional vision and student self-regulated learning (SRL) have been proposed. There are interview and video intervention studies investigating teacher professional vision for SRL, but no real-life classroom research…

The present research aims to examine whether the questions in the Program for the International Student Assessment (PISA) 2009 reading literacy instrument display differential item functioning (DIF) among the Turkish, French, and American samples based on univariate and multivariate matching techniques before and after the total score, which is…