Four experiments involving 180 undergraduates evaluated the effectiveness of computer graphics in improving estimates for algebra word problems. Variations in the simulation resulted in successful and unsuccessful programs as measured by the frequency with which students improved their estimates. Quality of feedback to students while learning is…

Maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimates of proficiency, typically used in adaptive testing, use item weights that depend on test taker proficiency to estimate test taker proficiency. In this study, several methods were explored through computer simulation using fixed item weights, which depend mainly on the items difficulty. The simpler scores…

This study explored the mental components that are most important for successful problem solving. Four components were studied: cognition, metacognition, noncognitive variables, and justification skills. It was hypothesized that cognition and knowledge of cognition would predict success at solving well-structured problems, which have one correct…

Connectionist models apply various mathematical rules within neural network computer simulations in an effort, among other things, to mimic and describe human memory associations and learning. Learning involves the interaction of information provided by instruction with existing information already in the learner's memory (Ausubel, 1968; Bruner,…

As museums and educators struggle with the challenges of presenting their material in a digital format, many overlook the application that has spearheaded the development of virtual reality for the average consumer: 3D realtime game engines. These 3D game engines offer greater versatility, usability, maturity, simulation, and codebase than most…

Describes development of computer-based case simulation designed to assess skill in predicting client behavior and conceptual ability, resolution of informational dissonance, and experiential learning. Reviews theoretical basis for simulation. Summarizes preliminary investigation of simulation's reliability and validity. Discusses future research.…

A diabetes-management model is presented, which includes an attitudinal element and depicts relationships among causal elements. LISREL-VI was used to analyze data from 115 Type-I and 105 Type-II patients. The data did not closely fit the model. Results support the importance of the personal meaning of diabetes. (TJH)

Discussion of educational software evaluation highlights an evaluation based on program instrumentation of a medical school simulation program. Evaluation strategies are discussed; evaluation techniques, including interviews, questionnaires, and observation are described; and implications of the results of the program instrumentation for the…

Achievement test scores from 144 Missouri students were used to assess the instructional effectiveness of a microcomputer simulation in teaching a secondary vocational agriculture course. Microcomputer simulation as a teaching strategy was shown to be as effective as the normal lecture/discussion method. (Author/JOW)

Describes a simulation-oriented computer microworld named CHANCE used to overcome the limitations of physical materials for experiments in teaching and learning introductory probability. Results of a teaching experiment conducted with four middle school and high school students are discussed. (15 references) (LZ)

Examines reasons for cataloging backlogs in libraries and describes a preliminary theory of backlog dynamics. Formulas for predicting backlogs are discussed, backlog models are explained, the use of computer simulation software to form models is described, and further research is suggested. (five references) (LRW)

Contrasts modeling methods in control theory to the methods of statistical generalizations in empirical studies of human or animal behavior. Presents a computer simulation that predicts behavior based on variables (effort and rewards) determined by the invariable (desired reward). Argues that control theory methods better reflect relationships to…

Monte Carlo methods were used to evaluate the degree to which canonical function and structure coefficients may be differentially sensitive to sampling error. For each of 64 research situations, 1,000 random samples were drawn. Both sets of coefficients were roughly equally influenced; some exceptions are noted. (SLD)

Developed computer-based rehabilitation caseload management simulation and administered simulation to 18 rehabilitation students and 18 rehabilitation counselors. Performance was evaluated using six caseload management performance indicators. Performance indicators, derived from computer simulation, were found to be effective in differentiating…

Discusses computer simulation and analyzes evidence concerning the effectiveness of simulation by examining the relationship between two forms of simulations, pure and hybrid; and two modes of instruction, presentation and practice. Presents results of a meta-analysis of 19 studies on simulation effects, including effect size for academic…