Teachers will improve student learning if they attend to allocated time, engaged time, and student success rate. (Author)

The influence of two time variables (allocated time and pupil time on task) was compared with the influence of two context variables (aptitude and socioeconomic status), on primary level mathematics achievement. Results showed that the time variables accounted for significantly more variance in achievement, with pupil time on task having the…

During the past 4 years block scheduling has been adopted by a majority of the high schools in Middle Tennessee. This paper presents findings of a study that explored the effects of the new schedule. Data were gathered from a questionnaire that was completed by 280 teachers and approximately 2,000 students from 6 high schools in the region. Both…

The block schedule is fast becoming the new instructional delivery format of choice for the 1990s in American secondary schools. This paper presents findings of a study that examined the effects of changing from a six-period day to a four-block schedule on two large high schools in Knox County, Tennessee. Part I of the study examined the…

Time allocated for social studies instruction showed a very slight correlation with fifth graders' achievement in that subject, suggesting that "allotted time" should be carefully qualified when used as a variable in assessing instruction. (Editor)

A study of the loss of instructional time experienced by elementary school students in the Austin Independent School District compensatory education programs resulted in the unexpected findings that both Title I and Non-Title I schools spent more than one-fifth of the school day in noninstructional activities. (MH)

Although parents are key stakeholders in the educational process, their perceptions are often neglected in studies of school reform. This paper presents findings of a study that explored the attitudes of parents of New York State high school students toward block scheduling. A survey of all parents of 11th and 12th graders in a rural New York high…

Twenty-seven second-grade students were observed during two reading periods to examine the nature of instruction and academic responding time for students in high, middle, and low reading groups. Across all groups, it was found that students spent about 20 minutes of a 120-minute typical reading period actively engaged in academic responding, and…

A controlled experiment conducted in Canada, the Trois Rivieres regional experiment, investigated the effects of increased physical education instruction on elementary school students. Results indicate that more time can be spent in physical education and that the increased time may result in improvement in other academic areas. (CJ)

Education majors (n=61) took General Special Education Programming in various concentrated time formats. Those in 2- and 3-week formats made greater gains than those in 5- and 15-week formats, and all indicated that they learned as much or more as in regular-format teacher education courses. (SLD)

This report provides descriptive data on allocated time in reading and mathematics for grades two and five as reported by a sample of California teachers participating in the Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study (BTES). The time covered in this report is the intertest period from December 1976 (B) and April 1977 (C). The study forms an addendum to…

The goal of the Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study (BTES) is to identify teacher behaviors which are related to student learning. This report focuses on the relationship between the amount of instructional time devoted to mathematics in grade 2 and student achievement in mathematics. Achievement tests were administered in nine classrooms before…

A study attempted to determine if block scheduling in secondary schools affected curriculum and student achievement in English courses. Interviews were conducted with 22 teachers, 4 principals and 1 former principal; questionnaires were collected from 44 students. Of these, 10 teachers, 3 principals, and 23 students were in schools with rotating…

This paper follows up on an earlier report that presented a theory on instructional processes that relied on a time metric. In this paper a design for field studies within this theoretical orientation is presented. Methods to obtain information on how teachers allocate time so that grouping and individualization strategies can be studied are…

The effectiveness of an instructional-learning management system designed to minimize the time needed for students to complete specified learning tasks and to maximize the opportunity for the individual students to complete the tasks is investigated. Instructional design makes use of teacher's and student's school time more effective. (Author/RD)