Examination-oriented education (EOE) is widely recognized by academics as an educational system that upholds equality while stifling student creativity (alienation). However, studies have yet to identify the specific pathways through which EOE maintains equality. Furthermore, analyses of educational alienation have been limited to discursive…

In the United States, standardized tests shape what, how, and why English Language Arts teachers teach. For the last generation, these tests have increasingly taken a narrowly text-centered approach to literature, making it difficult to enact or research alternatives. But what if it were otherwise? In the current study, we asked teachers to…

This manuscript aimed to develop an instrument assessing vocational values among students (VVS-S). The scale was developed in French using three different samples of Togolese participants for item development (N = 140), exploratory (N = 308) and confirmatory analyses (N = 300). It consists of 17 items divided into the five subscales of Power,…

Creativity has been well studied in the past several decades, and numerous measures have been developed to assess creativity. However, validity evidence associated with each measure is often mixed. In particular, the social consequence aspect of validity has received little attention. This is partly due to the difficulty of testing for…

Although research from a range of fields indicates the importance of innovation for progress in those fields, there is not yet a set of best practices for promoting insights that lead to scientific innovation. This article proposes and tests the hypothesis that function-construction maps based on prototype and heuristic theory lead to increased…

The study investigates secondary students' attitude towards junior school certificate (JSC) examination in Bangladesh. The study is mainly quantitative and data was collected in a computable manner through questionnaires. Secondary students who would take the JSC examination were the main data source of the study. Two hundred fifty students (120…

In this state-of-the-art review, we aim to build on Alptekin & Tatar's (2011) article covering research conducted in Turkey between 2005 and 2009, and survey published research in 31 Turkey-based journals between 2010 and 2016. As the second review paper on Turkey's English language teaching (ELT) agenda, our goal is twofold: first, to…

Today's evaluation society makes teachers participate in a stream of external evaluations. How teachers experience evaluation in school and how this affects their work and professionalism is the focus of this article. Teachers' views of external and internal evaluations and of the consequences for school practice are described and analysed. The…

This phenomenological study examined the experience of fostering creativity and creative thinking in the classroom under high-stakes testing conditions, as described by teachers at a magnet elementary school in Central California. The tensions between standardization and professionalism, as well as performativity and creativity, served as the…

Although previous studies have attempted to use different experiences of raters to rate product creativity by adopting the Consensus Assessment Method (CAT) approach, the validity of replacing CAT with another measurement tool has not been adequately tested. This study aimed to compare raters with different levels of experience (expert ves.…

This is an account of a portion of the research on cognitive, personality, and social psychology at ETS since the organization's inception. The topics in cognitive psychology are the structure of abilities; in personality psychology, response styles and social and emotional intelligence; and in social psychology, prosocial behavior and stereotype…

The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability of Torrance's "Thinking Creatively in Action and Movement" (TCAM) test and the relationship between TCAM and the Divergent Movement Ability (DMA) test. The TCAM and DMA tests were used for a sample of 115 children, while the whole experimental procedure included three…

To compile a list of activities and achievements considered as creative by laymen, 239 graduate and undergraduate students named their three most creative accomplishments and activities in each of six areas: mathematics and science; music; fine arts; performing arts; literature; and miscellaneous. This resulted in a 198-item list, which was rated…

Three conditions for administering creativity tests by Torrance and by Wallach and Kogan were compared: (1) untimed, gamelike; (2) conventional testlike; and (3) administration of measures under testlike conditions on two adjacent days, using the second testing as the predictor. The conventional testlike condition seems optimal. (Author/CP)

To measure the development of formal thought, as defined by Piaget and Peel, separate tests on judgment, creativity, concept formation and concept attainment were administered to 1,710 subjects, ages eight to adult. (CP)