Analysis of responses to Shure and Meeker Personality/Attitude Schedule showed sexes differed in elevation on six factors. Subsamples participated in coalition game. Four of six factors were related to prenegotiation stage indices of coalition formation. Sex differences in coalition behavior may be mediated by sex role socialization differences.…

Results indicated that female monozygotic twins were more satisfied with their total self-concepts, including categories of identity, behavior, moral-ethical, personal, family, and number of deviant scores, when compared with male monozygotic twins. (Author)

Data indicate that males are more willing than females to disclose to strangers and acquaintances, but females are more willing than males to disclose to intimates. Results suggest a tendency for men to avoid emotional intimacy with one another. (Author/BEF)

Supports the hypothesis that male leaders will receive higher ratings of alpha behavior than female leaders in mixed-sex groups, regardless of the females' ratings in same-sex groups. Points to linear male leadership patterns, while female patterns vary depending on the composition of the group. (RL)

Twenty families in the San Francisco Bay area (California) with new Atari home video game sets were studied from February through June 1981 to obtain data on how the game-playing affected family interaction. Records of play were kept for one week each month and each family member was interviewed at the beginning and the end of the study. It was…

In order to explore the hypothesis that sex-linked biases in causal attributions, widely shared by female and male perceivers, may derive in part from the perceiver's naive sex-linked expectations regarding the potential impact of causal forces on women's and men's behavior, three experiments were carried out. The first experiment was conducted to…

The effects of crowding and sex on reactions to a side-to-side invasion of personal space were examined. Male or female experimenters violated the personal space of 40 male and 40 female subjects who were sitting at library tables that were either crowded (several persons present) or uncrowded (subjects sat alone). The subjects' body movements,…

This study examined research on children's block play, using content analysis to review 75 documents that focused on such play. Each document was coded by type (empirical study or nonempirical article) and by 15 topics and 76 subtopics grouped into 4 broad categories: (1) environment/ecology; (2) block play and the school curriculum; (3) block…

This study was designed to help determine whether there are gender differences in the psychological and moral development of traditional-age college students. Two hundred thirty-three first-year and graduating students were given the Student Development Task and Lifestyle Inventory (SDTLI) and the Defining Issues Test (DIT) to determine whether…

Examined consistency of hand preference in a longitudinal study of children between 18 and 42 months of age. Results showed a sex-specific relationship between hand consistence and intellectual development. Females with consistency of handedness were precocious compared to females without such consistency; the same relationship did not hold for…

Seven- and eight-year-olds, representing a wide range of locus of control scores, practiced one of three self-verbalization treatments of behavioral rule learning: overt speech, covert speech, or a combination of both. Latency scores in the toy temptation test were highest for the combination treatment group. (SJL)

Three distinct theoretical explanations for the effect of attire on aiding behavior were examined in a study. The reinforcing value of attire itself predicted that well-dressed persons would always receive more assistance than poorly dressed persons. The reinforcing value of perceived similarity predicted that similar persons would receive more…

The study involving 12 severely retarded adults (five males and seven females) was conducted to determine the effect of music on the body-rocking manifested by Ss in their ward environments.(SBH)

Uses the Job Loss Coping Behavior Scale to examine the coping behavior of 131 unemployed male and female managers. Results indicate that men have higher job-search efficacy than women. Encourages career counselors to be mindful of this and to help unemployed women to develop proactive job-search behaviors and skills. (MKA)

This document consists of the report of a study undertaken to establish the existence of any gender specific differences in the perceived antecedents of academic stress. The definition of stress as a negative emotion strongly associated with doubt about coping is suggested to be particularly relevant to the academic arena where students…