This paper highlights Kanien'kéha (Mohawk language) "adult immersion" as an effective and expedient program structure for creating second-language (L2) speakers and argues that concentrated efforts to strengthen and expand adult immersion are essential in advancing Kanien'kéha revitalization. By conducting a comprehensive vitality…

This article explores the possibilities of a linguistically expansive orientation to two-way immersion (TWI), a bilingual model that has traditionally adopted a "double monolingual" approach to bilingual learning/ers. To illustrate an expansive perspective, we present two case studies undertaken at the same bilingual school that explored…

The "Filière Bilingue" (FiBi) is a Swiss public two-way immersion program integrating French-speaking, German-speaking and allophone learners (having neither French nor German as an L1) in each class. Located in the bilingual city of Biel/ Bienne, the "diglossic" situation represented by the use of Swiss German and standard…

Inspired by the pioneering work of Dr. G. R. Tucker and colleagues on French Immersion in Canada, later known as the St. Lambert experiment (Lambert & Tucker, "Journal of Educational Psychology," 65(2), 141-159, 1972), language immersion education also proliferated in the United States in the last decades. Research in the U.S.…

This action research explores how teachers and students at a private elementary school in Gyeonggi Province perceive the effectiveness of the English-only TEE policy and proposes a revised model tailored to the school's diverse needs. A total of 250 students and 6 teachers participated in the study, with data collected through surveys, interviews,…

The article explores bilingual investments of dual-language immersion program alumni through an intersectional narrative analysis. Focusing on the experiences of bilingualism of six alumni, we investigate how they continue to be invested in bilingualism, the factors that shape their self-positionings as bilinguals, and the extent to which race is…

Purpose: This study aims to examine the impact of an online language immersion program on the participants' self-efficacy for culturally responsive teaching. Design/methodology/approach: The Culturally Responsive Teaching Self-Efficacy Scale (Siwatu, 2007), the Culturally Responsive Teaching Outcome Expectations Scale (Siwatu, 2007) and the…

In this study, I investigate the use of applied theatre with French Immersion Grade 8 students to better understand social justice issues. Through unstructured interviews, four participants were asked to recall their past experiences participating in applied theatre projects as a learning experience and as a process to better understand social…

A great deal of time and resources are invested throughout Canada to encourage students to learn French as a second official language through a variety of programs (core French, intensive French, and French immersion programs). Little is known, however, about the impact of these efforts once French language learners complete their high school…

The contributions partial-immersion Maori programmes offer to the wider educational landscape of Aotearoa is essential to Maori achieving as Maori. In this article, partial-immersion settings are defined as Level 2 immersion (51%-- 80% te reo Maori instruction) and Level 3 immersion (31%--50% te reo Maori instruction). While lower levels of…

Georgia and North Carolina are part of what some call the New Latinx South, a region where Latinx populations more than doubled recently. Both states have struggled to educate language minoritized students (evidenced by low graduation rates), yet are among the top three states for numbers of dual language (DL) programs in the Southeast. This model…

This longitudinal study documents a trilingual child's struggle with decoding and word recognition, the remedies sought to help him start reading in his second language (English) while he was in French immersion, and his performance after the intervention on tests of phonological awareness in L1 Romanian, L2 English, and L3 French. The study…

Despite the increasing popularity of dual language education programs in Taiwan, limited research assesses their effectiveness. This study evaluated eight English Immersion Programs (EIPs) in Taiwan, representing a dual language education model, using the "Guiding Principles for Dual Language Education" (GPDLE) framework. Interviews with…

This single instrumental case study examines the Pathways Program, a dual immersion (DI) strand for students with autism and related disabilities. Pathways is housed at Crossroads Elementary School, a school-wide DI program in the Southern United States. Data include interviews with educators and mothers of students with autism, along with…

Teacher training programmes have often ignored the new multilingual paradigm and, consequently, educators may hold some misconceptions about how additional languages are learnt and should be taught in multilingual contexts. A number of recent studies have investigated language teachers' beliefs regarding multilingual education [Arocena-Egaña, E.,…