Controlled choice is a method of desegregation that is voluntary, empowers parents and school staff, and leads to new and exciting school organization and curriculum. To move in the direction of controlled choice, substantial changes in present school organization and operation must be made. This planning guide, based upon the actual experiences…

The Fort Worth Independent School District continued its court-ordered desegregation plan implemented in 1971-72. The evaluated design utilized in 1971-72 was extended to include bused black students in grade 3 as well as those in grades 4 and 5, and to ascertain any effects on the achievement of white third, fourth, and fifth grade students in…

The Philadelphia experience very strongly indicates that at least in Philadelphia, and very probably in most large cities in the northeastern U.S., several factors--notably the geographic separation of the races within the city and the existence of a sizable non-public school system (Usually (Usually parochial)--preclude the effective…

This paper traces the history of a magnet school which opened in 1975 amid claims that it would serve as a model of high quality integrated education but which, three years later, was widely perceived as an overcrowded, predominantly black institution. The local Board of Education decided to open a magnet school in which new teaching techniques…

Congressional attempts to curb the power of the Federal courts in the area of school desegregation date largely from the Supreme Court's decision in Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education in 1971. It is a response to the court's approval in that case of busing as a remedy that may in some circumstances be used to alleviate the effects…