Technological advances have significantly affected education, leading to the creation of online learning platforms such as virtual learning environments and massive open online courses. While these platforms offer a variety of features, none of them incorporates a module that accurately predicts students' academic performance and commitment.…

Systematic reviews with meta-analyses are powerful tools that can answer research questions based on data from published studies. Ideally, all relevant data is directly available in the text or tables, but often it is only presented in graphs. In those cases, the data can be extracted from graphs, but this potentially introduces errors. Here, we…

Despite the increased number of quantitative effect sizes developed for single-case experimental designs (SCEDs), visual analysis remains the gold standard for evaluating methodological rigor of SCEDs and determining whether a functional relation between the treatment and the outcome exists. The physical length and range of values plotted on x and…

Despite the increased number of quantitative effect sizes developed for single-case experimental designs (SCEDs), visual analysis remains the gold standard for evaluating methodological rigor of SCEDs and determining whether a functional relation between the treatment and the outcome exists. The physical length and range of values plotted on x and…

Studies suggest that internally oriented cognitive processes are central to creativity. Here, we distinguish between intentional and unintentional forms of mind wandering and explore their behavioral and neural correlates. We used a sample of 155 healthy adults from the mind-brain-body dataset, all of whom completed resting-state fMRI scans and…

Although student covariation reasoning has been explored in depth to improve understanding of the correspondence between variables, research has focused on studying existing reasoning about variables in Cartesian representations. The working method had a qualitative approach, with a descriptive exploratory scope, the spontaneous representations…

Media articles often communicate the latest scientific findings, and readers must evaluate the evidence and consider its potential implications. Prior work has found that the inclusion of graphs makes messages about scientific data more persuasive (Tal & Wansink, 2016). One explanation for this finding is that such visualizations evoke the…

The aim of this research was to explore the mathematical connections that pre-university students make when they sketch the graph of a derivative function and an antiderivative function. Also, we tried to explain the origin of the mathematical connections identified. We assume mathematical connections as a cognitive process through which a person…

The Bicycle Drawing Test (BDT) serves to identify poor memory, psychomotor deficiencies, and cognitive deficiencies. This study examined 206 students' performance on the BDT measure, text-based and graph-based questions in undergraduate-level macroeconomics courses. Correlational analyses suggest that the drawing task component of BDT is…

Teachers' ability to accurately judge difficulties of mathematical tasks is an essential aspect of their diagnostic competencies. Although research has suggested that pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) is positively correlated with the accuracy of diagnostic judgments, experimental studies have not been conducted to investigate how PCK affects…

Problem decomposition into sub-problems or subgoals and recomposition of the solutions to the subgoals into one complete solution is a common strategy to reduce difficulties in structured problem solving. In this study, we use a datadriven graph-mining-based method to decompose historical student solutions of logic-proof problems into Chunks. We…

This paper analyzes the research performance evolution of a scientific institute, from its genesis through various stages of development. The main aim is to obtain, and visually represent, bibliometric evidence of the correlation of organizational changes on the development of its scientific performance; particularly, structural and leadership…

Background/Objectives: There is no attempt to investigate the relationships between dependency and markedness even though the syntactic roles in language are decided by dependency relations and markers. The main objective of this study was to understand markedness beyond syntactical tables and propose a syntax graph with various syntax structures…

Whether selection processes contribute to group-level disparities or merely reflect pre-existing inequalities is an important societal question. In the context of observational data, researchers, concerned about omitted-variable bias, assess selection-contributing inequality via a kitchen-sink approach, comparing selection outcomes of…

Depicting the reason for the mismatch between instructor expectations of students' performance in advanced courses and their actual performance has been a challenging issue for a long time, which raises the question of why such a mismatch exists. An implicit reason for this mismatch is the student's weakness in prerequisite course skills. To solve…