In sample designs, it is commonly recognized that using auxiliary information significantly increases an estimator's precision. This manuscript introduces an weighted strategy for computing the finite population mean using auxiliary information in sample surveys. The equations for the mean squared error ("MSE") of the proposed estimator…

Computational thinking is a necessary skill for the 21st century. While previously examined in computer-rich settings, researchers are increasingly studying computational thinking in unplugged environments such as board games. Focusing on the African board game "Songo," this study shows that computational thinking practices are embedded…

Although research has demonstrated that introducing computational thinking (CT) benefits young children, there has been a lack of systematic professional development (PD) opportunities for preschool teachers. The current study investigated the impact of Teaching through Interaction-Plus (TTI-P) on preschool teachers' self-efficacy in teaching CT…

Contemporary society is characterized by diversity and intricacy, necessitating more meaningful learning experiences. To meet these evolving needs, the incorporation of computational systems into education must acknowledge the distinctive characteristics of learners. Therefore, we conducted a Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) to investigate…

The data we encounter in real life often contain missing values. In sampling methods, missing value imputation is done with different methods. This article proposes novel logarithmic type imputation methods for estimating the population mean in the presence of missing data under ranked set sampling (RSS). According to the determined theoretical…

Grouping students according to their abilities and promoting deeper interaction and moderation are key issues in improving computational thinking in collaborative programming. However, the distribution characteristics and evolving pathways of computational thinking in different groups have not been deeply explored. During the course of a…

The aim of this study was to determine how 5-year-old children identified the functional relationship of correspondence, and whether or not they generalized when working on a task that involved programmable robots. We conducted this study with 15 children (9 girls and 6 boys) in their last year of preschool education. The study was designed around…

This paper proposes an extension of linear equating that may be useful in one of two fairly common assessment scenarios. One is where different students have taken different combinations of test forms. This might occur, for example, where students have some free choice over the exam papers they take within a particular qualification. In this…

Decimal numbers are generally assumed to be a straightforward extension of the base-ten system for whole numbers given their shared place value structure. However, in decimal notation, unlike whole numbers, the same magnitude can be expressed in multiple ways (e.g., 0.8, 0.80, 0.800, etc.). Here, we used a number line task with carefully selected…

This study compared the weekly training load (TL) variation across different measures. Fifty-two runners reported their heart rate and distance ran for each training session during four weeks of training. Heart rate measures were used to calculate the weekly TRaining IMPulse (W-TRIMP), whereas the distance ran was used to calculate the weekly…

We explored the practicality of relatively small item pools in the context of low-stakes Computer-Adaptive Testing (CAT), such as CAT procedures that might be used for quick diagnostic or screening exams. We used a basic CAT algorithm without content balancing and exposure control restrictions to reflect low stakes testing scenarios. We examined…

In peer assessment, students assess a task done by their peers, provide feedback and usually a grade. The extent to which these peer grades can be used to formally grade the task is unclear, with doubts often arising regarding their validity. The instructor could supervise the peer assessments, but would not then benefit from workload reduction,…

With the increasingly prominent characteristics of data-intensive and AI-driven scientific paradigms, computing power has become a crucial pillar of research activities. This study aims to examine the knowledge innovation effects of university supercomputing development by theoretically proposing two mechanisms: the efficiency effect (including…

This article presents methods for using extant data to improve the properties of estimators of the standardized mean difference (SMD) effect size. Because samples recruited into education research studies are often more homogeneous than the populations of policy interest, the variation in educational outcomes can be smaller in these samples than…

Given sample data, how do you calculate the value of a parameter? While this question is impossible to answer, it is frequently encountered in statistics classes when students are introduced to the distinction between a sample and a population (or between a statistic and a parameter). It is not uncommon for teachers of statistics to also confuse…